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The city of Vilnius, the capital and largest city of Lithuania, has an extensive history starting from the Stone Age.The city has changed hands many times between Imperial and Soviet Russia, Napoleonic France, Imperial and Nazi Germany, Interwar Poland, and Lithuania.
Lithuania, [b] officially the Republic of Lithuania, [c] is a country in the Baltic region of Europe. [d] It is one of three Baltic states and lies on the eastern shore of the Baltic Sea, bordered by Latvia to the north, Belarus to the east and south, Poland to the south, and the Russian semi-exclave of Kaliningrad Oblast to the southwest, with a maritime border with Sweden to the west.
Before World War II and the Holocaust, Vilnius was one of Europe's most important Jewish centers. Its Jewish influence has led to its being called "the Jerusalem of Lithuania", and Napoleon called it "the Jerusalem of the North" [21] when he passed through in 1812. Vilnius was a 2009 European Capital of Culture with Linz in Austria. [22]
The two countries were officially at war over Vilnius, the historical capital of Lithuania, inhabited at that time largely by Polish-speaking and Jewish populations between 1920 and 1938. [ 164 ] [ 165 ] The dispute continued to dominate Lithuanian domestic politics and foreign policy and doomed the relations with Poland for the entire interwar ...
Lithuania is a member of NATO, OECD and the European Union. Its population is about 2.8 million. The largest city and capital is Vilnius. During the 14th century, Lithuania was the largest country in Europe, as present-day Belarus, Ukraine, and parts of Poland and Russia were territories of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.
Map of the newly established states and frontiers in 1918 Map showing the territory of Central Lithuania (green) created by the Second Polish Republic as compared with the Kingdom of Lithuania, attempted to create in 1918 on the core territory of the former Grand Duchy of Lithuania c. 1921. Vilnius Region is the territory in present-day ...
1983 – Vilnius Combined Heat and Power Plant commissioned. 1985 – Population: 544,000. [26] 1987 – Vilnius Jazz Festival begins. 1989 – Jewish State Museum established. 1990 11 March: Lithuania declares independence from USSR. Vilnius Lyceum and Vilniaus lietuvių namai (school) established. 1991 – January: City besieged by Soviet ...
Lithuania, officially the Republic of Lithuania, is a country in the Baltic region of Europe.It is one of three Baltic states and lies on the eastern shore of the Baltic Sea, bordered by Latvia to the north, Belarus to the east and south, Poland to the south, and the Russian semi-exclave of Kaliningrad Oblast to the southwest, with a maritime border with Sweden to the west.