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  2. BIOS - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BIOS

    Also, Windows 11 requires UEFI to boot, [87] with the exception of IoT Enterprise editions of Windows 11. [10] UEFI is required for devices shipping with Windows 8 [88] [89] and above. Other alternatives to the functionality of the "Legacy BIOS" in the x86 world include coreboot and libreboot.

  3. Windows 10 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_10

    Windows 10 was made available for download via MSDN and TechNet, ... the last non-IoT edition to officially lack a CPU whitelist [30] and support BIOS firmware, ...

  4. Windows Boot Manager - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Boot_Manager

    On system with BIOS firmware, the BIOS invokes MBR boot code from a hard disk drive at startup. The MBR boot code and the VBR boot code are OS-specific. In Microsoft Windows, the MBR boot code tries to find an active partition (the MBR is only 512 bytes), then executes the VBR boot code of an active partition.

  5. UEFI - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UEFI

    The original motivation for EFI came during early development of the first Intel–HP Itanium systems in the mid-1990s. BIOS limitations (such as 16-bit real mode, 1 MB addressable memory space, [7] assembly language programming, and PC AT hardware) had become too restrictive for the larger server platforms Itanium was targeting. [8]

  6. Option ROM - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Option_ROM

    An option ROM for the PC platform (i.e. the IBM PC and derived successor computer systems) is a piece of firmware that resides in ROM on an expansion card (or stored along with the main system BIOS), which gets executed to initialize the device and (optionally) add support for the device to the BIOS.

  7. System Management BIOS - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/System_Management_BIOS

    Version 2.0 of the Desktop Management BIOS specification was released on March 6, 1996 by American Megatrends (AMI), Award Software, Dell, Intel, Phoenix Technologies, and SystemSoft Corporation. It introduced 16-bit plug-and-play functions used to access the structures from Windows 95. [7]

  8. System Locked Pre-installation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/System_Locked_Pre-installation

    Pirates refer to copies of Windows activated in this way as Pirated Genuine Microsoft Software. With SLP 3.0, OEM SLP keys are no longer used at all. Instead, a tool is used by the OEM to embed a unique key in each computer's BIOS, making consumer versions of Windows 8 and later very difficult to pirate using the SLP insertion technique. [4]

  9. Firmware - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Firmware

    ROM BIOS firmware on a Baby AT motherboard In some respects, the various firmware components are as important as the operating system in a working computer. However, unlike most modern operating systems, firmware rarely has a well-evolved automatic mechanism of updating itself to fix any functionality issues detected after shipping the unit.