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Yiddish, [a] historically also Judeo-German, [11] [b] is a West Germanic language historically spoken by Ashkenazi Jews.It originated in 9th-century [12]: 2 Central Europe, and provided the nascent Ashkenazi community with a vernacular based on High German fused with many elements taken from Hebrew (notably Mishnaic) and to some extent Aramaic.
They traditionally speak Yiddish, [8] a language that originated in the 9th century, [9] and largely migrated towards northern and eastern Europe during the late Middle Ages due to persecution. [ 10 ] [ 11 ] Hebrew was primarily used as a literary and sacred language until its 20th-century revival as a common language in Israel.
Yiddish linguistic scholarship uses a system developed by M. Weinreich (1960) to indicate the descendent diaphonemes of the Proto-Yiddish stressed vowels. [12] Each Proto-Yiddish vowel is given a unique two-digit identifier, and its reflexes use it as a subscript, for example Southeastern o 11 is the vowel /o/, descended from Proto-Yiddish */a ...
During the 19th century Galicia and its main city, Lviv (Lemberg in Yiddish), became a center of Yiddish literature. Lviv was the home of the world's first Yiddish-language daily newspaper, the Lemberger Togblat. [4] Towards the end of World War I, Galicia became a battleground of the Polish-Ukrainian War, which erupted in November 1918. [5]
Kvitlech (Yiddish: קוויטלעך, lit. 'notes', 'slips') [note 1] is a card game similar to Twenty-One played in some Ashkenazi Jewish homes during the Hanukkah season. The game and deck were likely created by Hassidic Jews living in Galicia during the late 18th or 19th century. [3]
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The Yiddish Wikipedia (Yiddish: יידיש-וויקיפעדיע) is the Yiddish-language version of Wikipedia. [1] It was founded on 3 March 2004, [ 2 ] and the first article was written on 28 November of that year.
In 2016, Wexler and geneticist Eran Elhaik co-authored a study that analyzed the geographical origin of Yiddish speakers using a method called Geographic Population Structure (GPS) to analyze their DNA. They claimed that the DNA has originated in Northeastern Turkey in four villages whose names were, they argued, derived from the word "Ashkenaz."