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The history of Liverpool can be traced back to 1190 when the place was known as 'Liuerpul', possibly meaning a pool or creek with muddy water, though other origins of the name have been suggested. The borough was founded by royal charter in 1207 by King John , made up of only seven streets in the shape of the letter 'H'.
Picture of Liverpool; or, Stranger's Guide (2nd ed.), Liverpool: Printed by Jones and Wright, and sold by Woodward and Alderson, 1808, OL 25319603M; John Corry (1810), The history of Liverpool, from the earliest authenticated period down to the present time, Liverpool: William Robinson "Liverpool". Commercial Directory for 1818-19-20.
Liverpool was a borough constituency in the county of Lancashire of the House of Commons for the Parliament of England to 1706 then of the Parliament of Great Britain from 1707 to 1800 and of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1801 to 1885. It was represented by two Members of Parliament (MPs).
By 1750 Liverpool was the pre-eminent slave trading port in Great Britain. Thereafter Liverpool's control of the industry continued to grow. [6] In the period between 1793 and 1807, when the slave trade was abolished, Liverpool accounted for 84.7% of all slave voyages, with London accounting for 12% and Bristol 3.3%. [7]
The Old Dock, originally known as Thomas Steers' dock, was the world's first commercial wet dock. [2] The 3 + 1 ⁄ 2 acres (1.4 ha) dock was built on the River Mersey in Liverpool, England, starting in 1710 and completed in 1716.
OS first edition map of Pembroke Place, Liverpool in 1850. In the early 1800s, around 40% of the population lived in cellar dwellings, known even at that time to be of poor living quality. [5] Construction of court housing expanded between 1820–1840, responding to the rapid population growth of largely poor and unskilled workers.
In 1800, the Liverpool Corporation Surveyor, John Foster, Sr., (1758–1827) prepared a gridiron plan for a large area of peat bog known as Mosslake Fields, which was to the east of Rodney Street. The area was built for and populated by the extremely wealthy of Liverpool.
By 1800 the figure for shipping using the docks was around 400,000 tons. [34] By 1825 1.2 million tons of goods were passing through the port. [35] This ensured a continuing demand for new docks. The docks created during the Georgian period were: under Thomas Steers Dock Engineer (1710–50): Canning Dock in 1737 as a dry dock open to the river.