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The Vickers hardness test was developed in 1921 by Robert L. Smith and George E. Sandland at Vickers Ltd as an alternative to the Brinell method to measure the hardness of materials. [1] The Vickers test is often easier to use than other hardness tests since the required calculations are independent of the size of the indenter, and the indenter ...
In the Knoop test, only the longer diagonal is measured, and the Knoop hardness is calculated based on the projected area of the indent divided by the applied force, also giving test units in kgf/mm 2. The Vickers microindentation test is carried out in a similar manner welling to the Vickers macroindentation tests, using the same pyramid. The ...
A variety of hardness-testing methods are available, including the Vickers, Brinell, Rockwell, Meyer and Leeb tests. Although it is impossible in many cases to give an exact conversion, it is possible to give an approximate material-specific comparison table for steels .
The test was developed by Frederick Knoop [2] and colleagues at the National Bureau of Standards (now NIST) of the United States in 1939, and is defined by the ASTM E384 standard. The advantages of the test are that only a very small sample of material is required, and that it is valid for a wide range of test forces.
The Knoop hardness test, a method of microindentation hardness, is the most reproducible for dense ceramics. The Vickers hardness test and superficial Rockwell scales (e.g., 45N) can also be used, but tend to cause more surface damage than Knoop. The Brinell test is suitable for ductile metals, but not ceramics.
Hardness Testing. Vickers hardness test (HV), which has one of the widest scales; Brinell hardness test (HB) Knoop hardness test (HK), for measurement over small areas; Janka hardness test, for wood; Meyer hardness test; Rockwell hardness test (HR), principally used in the USA; Shore durometer hardness, used for polymers; Barcol hardness test ...
Vickers hardness test This page was last edited on 16 March 2013, at 18:53 (UTC). Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License ...
Nanoindentation, also called instrumented indentation testing, [1] is a variety of indentation hardness tests applied to small volumes. Indentation is perhaps the most commonly applied means of testing the mechanical properties of materials.