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Modern electroscopes usually use balls made of plastic. In order to test the presence of a charge on an object, the object is brought near to the uncharged pith ball. If the object is charged, the ball will be attracted to it and move toward it. The attraction occurs because of induced polarization [6] of the atoms inside the pith ball.
Since it is able to distinguish between charged and non-charged objects, it is an example of a class of devices known as electroscopes. The versorium is of a similar construction to the magnetic compass, but is influenced by electrostatic rather than magnetic forces.
The electroscopes previously used gave an approximate measurement of the radiation but indicated that at greater altitude in the atmosphere the level of radiation might actually be higher than that on the ground. Hess approached this mystery first by greatly increasing the precision of the measuring equipment, and then by personally taking the ...
1774 – Georges-Louis LeSage builds an electrostatic telegraph system with 26 insulated wires conducting Leyden-jar charges to pith-ball electroscopes, each corresponding to a letter of the alphabet. Its range was only between rooms of his home.
Bruno Rossi wrote of this period that "In the late 1920s and early 1930s the technique of self-recording electroscopes carried by balloons into the highest layers of the atmosphere or sunk to great depths under water was brought to an unprecedented degree of perfection by the German physicist Erich Regener and his group. To these scientists we ...
While in Paris, Hurmuzescu met important European physicists like Joseph Bertrand and Gabriel Lippmann.In 1894, in preparation for his thesis, guided by his teacher, the Romanian scientist invented an insulator made up of a mixture of sulfur and paraffin used in the construction of electroscopes and named it "dielectrine".
The small pith ball electroscopes hanging from the bottom show that the charge is concentrated at the ends. Styrofoam peanuts clinging to a cat's fur. The static electricity that builds up on the fur causes a polarization of the molecules of the styrofoam due to electrostatic induction, resulting in a slight attraction of the styrofoam to the ...
Cavallo's multiplier, from an 1890 illustration. [1] From left to right, the metal disks are the insulated charge receiver A, the insulated charge transferrer B, the insulated charge accumulator C, and the earthed disk D.
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