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Not all animal fibers have the same properties, and even within a species the fiber is not consistent. Merino is a very soft, fine wool, while Cotswold is coarser, and yet both Merino and Cotswold are types of sheep. This comparison can be continued on the microscopic level, comparing the diameter and structure of the fiber.
The surface structure of the fiber has scales as in sheep wool. [3] The scale spacing is between 7 and 14 scale rings per 100 microns. [4] The cell arrangement of the fiber is bilateral in transmission electron microscopy (as also in guanaco hair), while it is disordered in llama and alpaca. [5]
Wool is the textile fiber obtained from sheep and other mammals, especially goats, rabbits, and camelids. [1] The term may also refer to inorganic materials, such as mineral wool and glass wool, that have some properties similar to animal wool. As an animal fiber, wool consists of protein together with a small percentage of lipids. This makes ...
Bast fibers are collected from the outer cell layers of the plant's stem. These fibers are used for durable yarn, fabric, packaging, and paper. Some examples are flax, jute, kenaf, industrial hemp, ramie, rattan, and vine fibers. [9] A field of jute Fruit fiber: Fibers collected from the fruit of the plant, for example, coconut fiber .
Greasy wool fibers going from wet to dry in ESEM, at room temperature. Field width 270 μm, BSE, 10 kV. Hydration of NaCl crystals on Teflon, as water vapor pressure rises, at room temperature, in an ESEM by the use of two symmetrical plastic scintillating backscattered electron detectors.
Textile fibers come in a variety of shapes and forms. The fiber shape of synthetic fibers is controlled with a device spinneret during manufacturing (extrusion) process, whereas natural fibers conceive their shape with a variety of factors such as cellulose built up in plant fibers, and in silk, the shape of orifice from where the silk fibers are extruded.
Rayon is a manufactured fiber derived from plant pulp. [85] Different types of rayon can imitate feel and texture of silk, cotton, wool, or linen. Fibers from the stalks of plants, such as hemp, flax, and nettles, are also known as 'bast' fibers. Hemp fiber is yellowish-brown fiber made from the hemp plant.
Plant morphology treats both the vegetative structures of plants, as well as the reproductive structures. The vegetative (somatic) structures of vascular plants include two major organ systems: (1) a shoot system, composed of stems and leaves, and (2) a root system. These two systems are common to nearly all vascular plants, and provide a ...