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The closed square butt weld is a type of square-groove joint with no spacing in between the pieces. This joint type is common with gas and arc welding. For thicker joints, the edge of each member of the joint must be prepared to a particular geometry to provide accessibility for welding and to ensure the desired weld soundness and strength.
Fatigue of welded joints can occur when poorly made or highly stressed welded joints are subjected to cyclic loading. [1] Welding is a manufacturing method used to join various materials in order to form an assembly. During welding, joints are formed between two or more separate pieces of material which can introduce defects or residual stresses.
The quality of the welds made on these materials are important in ensuring people receive safe products. [2] There are not codes made specifically for the welding of advanced thermoplastic composite welds, so the codes for adhesive bonding of plastics and metals [1] [3] are slightly altered, and used in order to properly test these materials ...
Examples include joint mismatch, cracks, porosity, voids, inclusions, lack of penetration and lack of fusion (cold joints). However, the lack of defects does not necessarily mean the weld is adequate and thus NDE does not provide a good indication of weld strength, long term performance, or its ability to handle cyclic loading. [1]
Welds can be geometrically prepared in many different ways. The five basic types of weld joints are the butt joint, lap joint, corner joint, edge joint, and T-joint (a variant of this last is the cruciform joint). Other variations exist as well—for example, double-V preparation joints are characterized by the two pieces of material each ...
Weld mapping is the process of assigning information to a weld repair or joint to enable easy identification of weld processes, production (welders, their qualifications, date welded), quality (visual inspection, NDT, standards and specifications) and traceability (tracking weld joints and welded castings, the origin of weld materials).
Energy directors that are triangular or semi-circle often achieve the highest strength. [2] With optimize welding parameters and joint design weld strength, up to 80% of the base material can be retained for advanced thermoplastic composites. [3] However, welding can cause damage to the fibers, which will result in premature failure.
As joint gap increases, the joint strength increases to a point, then begins to decline fairly sharply. At larger gaps sufficient pressure cannot build during the fusion time, and the joint strength is low. [12] The effect of joint gap on strength is why the scraping of the pipes before welding is a critical step. Uneven or inconsistent ...
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