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A railway track (CwthE and UIC terminology) or railroad track (NAmE), also known as permanent way (CwthE) [1] or "P Way" (BrE [2] and Indian English), is the structure on a railway or railroad consisting of the rails, fasteners, sleepers (railroad ties in American English) and ballast (or slab track), plus the underlying subgrade.
These moving block systems have become popular since the required technology first started appearing in the 1970s. In such systems, any train on the route can listen for signals from all the other trains, and then move in a way to ensure they have enough distance to stop. Early moving block systems used a cable strung along the rail line.
Automatic block signaling (ABS), spelled automatic block signalling or called track circuit block (TCB [1]) in the UK, is a railroad communications system that consists of a series of signals that divide a railway line into a series of sections, called blocks. The system controls the movement of trains between the blocks using automatic signals.
A clear block is a condition where a particular block or predetermined length of track is clear of all trains. In addition to the condition of the block ahead, The Standard Code of Operating Rules, such as those still in use on the LIRR, gives one train "superiority" over "inferior" trains.
Plate rail was an early type of rail and had an 'L' cross-section in which the flange kept an unflanged wheel on the track. The flanged rail has seen a minor revival in the 1950s, as guide bars, with the Paris Métro (Rubber-tyred metro or French Métro sur pneus) and more recently as the Guided bus.
A guide rail is a system designed to guide vehicles back to the roadway and away from potentially hazardous situations. [4] There is no legal distinction between a guide rail and a guard rail . According to the US Federal Highway Administration , the terms guardrail and guiderail are synonymous.
Continuous welded rail (CWR) A form of track made from rails welded together by with a thermite reaction or flash butt welding to form one continuous rail that may be several kilometres long. [41] Control car A passenger coach with a full set of train controls at one end, allowing for the use of push–pull train operation. [55] Control System
Guide bars, or guiding bars [1] are rubber-tyred metro systems that incorporate 1,435 mm (4 ft 8 + 1 ⁄ 2 in) standard gauge track. They have angle irons as outside of the two roll ways . The Busan Subway Line 4 lacks a rail track , and has I-beams installed as guide bars.