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Plants that have an underground storage organ are called geophytes in the Raunkiær plant life-form classification system. [2] [3] Storage organs often, but not always, act as perennating organs which enable plants to survive adverse conditions (such as cold, excessive heat, lack of light or drought).
These properties are storativity (S), specific storage (S s) and specific yield (S y). According to Groundwater, by Freeze and Cherry (1979), specific storage, [m −1], of a saturated aquifer is defined as the volume of water that a unit volume of the aquifer releases from storage under a unit decline in hydraulic head. [1]
Soil provides raw materials for human use and impacts human health directly. The composition of human food reflects the nature of the soil in which it was grown. An example of soil as a source of raw material can be found in ancient ceramic production. The Maya ceramics showed traits inherited from soils and sediments used as raw material. [8]
Soils with these unique properties are called hydric soils, and although they may occupy a relatively small portion of the landscape, they maintain important soil functions in the environment. [1] The plants found in hydric soils often have aerenchyma, internal spaces in stems and rhizomes, that allow atmospheric oxygen to be transported to the ...
soil organic matter (SOM) – the organic fraction of the soil exclusive of undecayed plant and animal residues. soil structure – the way soil particles are aggregated into aggregates or “crumbs”, important for the passage of air and water; soil water storage – total amount of water stored in the soil in the plant root zone.
Collectively the Earth's body of soil is called the pedosphere. The pedosphere interfaces with the lithosphere, the hydrosphere, the atmosphere, and the biosphere. [10] Soil has four important functions: as a medium for plant growth; as a means of water storage, supply, and purification; as a modifier of Earth's atmosphere; as a habitat for ...
[40] One feature of soil microbes is spatial separation which influences microbe to microbe interactions and ecosystem functioning in the soil habitat. [41] Microorganisms in soil are found to be concentrated in specific sites called 'hot spots' which is characterized by an abundance of resources such as moisture or nutrients.
A specific ecological area that is inhabited by a specific plant or animal species. habitat fragmentation The discontinuation of a species' habitat as caused by environmental change. halophyte A salt-loving plant. halophile A salt-loving organism. heath Low-growing woody vegetation found on free-draining acidic soils. heterotroph See consumer ...