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The .303 British (designated as the 303 British by the C.I.P. [2] and SAAMI [3]) or 7.7×56mmR, is a .303-inch (7.7 mm) calibre rimmed tapered rifle cartridge.The .303 inch bore diameter is measured between rifling lands as is the common practice in Europe which follows the traditional black powder convention.
The Rifle, .303 Pattern 1914 (or P14) was a British service rifle of the First World War period, principally manufactured under contract by companies in the United States. It was a bolt-action weapon with an integral 5-round magazine.
The civilian headstamp has the "SBR" at 12 o'clock and the caliber at 6 o'clock. On the military headstamp the "SB" is at 12 o'clock and the "R" is at 6 o'clock. It manufactured 7,92mm Mauser and .303 British military ammunition because most of the regional powers used either captured German or Austrian war surplus or British military aid.
Martini–Enfield rifles were very well made and are more than capable of handling modern commercial .303 British ammunition, but, as with all second hand firearms, they should always be checked by a competent gunsmith before attempting to fire them.
The Lee–Enfield was adapted to fire the .303 British service cartridge, a rimmed, high-powered rifle round. Experiments with smokeless powder in the existing Lee–Metford cartridge seemed at first to be a simple upgrade, but the greater heat and pressure generated by the new smokeless powder wore away the shallow and rounded Metford rifling ...
.280 British.280 Jeffery.280 Flanged.300 Rook.300 Sherwood.300 H&H Magnum.303 British.303 Magnum.375/303 Westley Richards Accelerated Express.310 Cadet.318 Westley Richards.333 Jeffery.338 Lapua Magnum.350 Rigby.400/350 Nitro Express.400/360 Nitro Express.360 No. 5 Rook.360 No. 2 Nitro Express.369 Nitro Express.375 Flanged Nitro Express
His proposal for dealing with zeppelin bombers was adopted in 1916 as the Cartridge S.A. Ball .303 inch Pomeroy Mark I. It was a standard .303 British cartridge loaded with a 155-grain (10.0 g) cupronickel -jacketed lead bullet including a hollow copper tube filled with 15 grains (0.97 g) of 73% dynamite .
The .303 is an improved cartridge based on the .303 British and works well in Enfield and single-shot actions. Performance with a 150-grain (9.7 g) bullet is up to 3,235 ft/s (986 m/s) and with a 180-grain (12 g) bullet is up to 2,870 ft/s (870 m/s).