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Graphene is a transparent and flexible conductor that holds great promise for various material/device applications, including solar cells, [338] light-emitting diodes (LED), integrated photonic circuit devices, [339] [340] touch panels, and smart windows or phones. [341]
Due to graphene's two dimensions, charge fractionalization (where the apparent charge of individual pseudoparticles in low-dimensional systems is less than a single quantum [26]) is thought to occur. It may therefore be a suitable material for constructing quantum computers [27] using anyonic circuits. [28]
[27] [28] Graphene–based materials such as graphene oxide (GO) have considerable potential for several biological applications including the development of new drug release system. GOs are an abundance of functional groups such as hydroxyl, epoxy, and carboxyl on its basal surface and edges that can be also used to immobilize or load various ...
Graphene was first synthesised in 2004 by scientists, who hailed the substance a “wonder” material. It is a form of carbon, consisting of a single layer of atoms in a hexagonal lattice.
By Cat DiStasio Graphene is a super-strong, ultra-lightweight material that's led to scores of technological innovations in recent years. It consists of bonded carbon atoms formed into sheets that ...
Smart materials, also called intelligent or responsive materials, [1] [page needed] are designed materials that have one or more properties that can be significantly changed in a controlled fashion by external stimuli, such as stress, moisture, electric or magnetic fields, light, temperature, pH, or chemical compounds.
Single-layer materials derived from single elements generally carry the -ene suffix in their names, e.g. graphene. Single-layer materials that are compounds of two or more elements have -ane or -ide suffixes. 2D materials can generally be categorized as either 2D allotropes of various elements or as compounds (consisting of two or more ...
Graphene plasmonics are considered as good alternatives to the noble metal plasmons not only due to their cost-effectiveness for large-scale production but also by the higher confinement of the plasmonics at the graphene surface. [21] [22] The enhanced light-matter interactions could further be optimized and tuned through electrostatic gating.