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The critical pH for tooth enamel is generally accepted to be pH 5.5. When acids are present and the critical pH is reached, the hydroxyapatite crystallites of enamel demineralize, allowing for greater bacterial invasion deeper into the tooth.
When enough acid is produced so that the pH goes below 5.5, the acid dissolves carbonated hydroxyapatite, the main component of tooth enamel. [7] The plaque can hold the acids in contact with the tooth for up to two hours, before it is neutralized by saliva.
Acid erosion is a type of tooth wear.It is defined as the irreversible loss of tooth structure due to chemical dissolution by acids not of bacterial origin. [1] Dental erosion is the most common chronic condition of children ages 5–17, [2] although it is only relatively recently that it has been recognised as a dental health problem. [3]
In an acidic environment or an environment below 4.5 pH, the enamel of the teeth will start to break down. Over time, enamel breaking down can contribute to cavities and dental decay, ...
A study into pH of plaque said that the critical pH for increased demineralisation of dental hard tissues (enamel and dentine) is 5.5. The Stephan curve illustrates how quickly the plaque pH can fall below 5.5 after a snack or meal. [20]
Hydroxyapatite is present in bones and teeth; bone is made primarily of HA crystals interspersed in a collagen matrix—65 to 70% of the mass of bone is HA. Similarly HA is 70 to 80% of the mass of dentin and enamel in teeth. In enamel, the matrix for HA is formed by amelogenins and enamelins instead of collagen. [17]
Sparkling water has a slightly acidic pH. Over time, drinking a lot of it may contribute to the erosion of tooth enamel, says Derocha. However, plain sparkling water is still a lot less harmful to ...
Topical fluoride can increase the resistance of enamel to acid. [8] Bacteria in enamel, including Streptococcus mutans, generate acids to maintain a low pH environment during fermentation. [8] These acids eventually dissociate the hydroxyapatite in teeth once the acidity falls below the critical pH (pH 5.5). [8]
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