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Linux also calls the threads of this process idle tasks. [2] In some APIs, PID 0 is also used as a special value that always refers to the calling thread, process, or process group. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] Process ID 1 is usually the init process primarily responsible for starting and shutting down the system.
sysv-rc-conf, a TUI utility that selects which SysV-style init scripts will be run in each runlevel. When compared to its predecessors, AT&T's UNIX System III introduced a new style of system startup configuration, [9] which survived (with modifications) into UNIX System V and is therefore called the "SysV-style init".
Instead, the system simply redefines the "parent PID" field in the child process's data to be the process that is the "ancestor" of every other process in the system, whose PID generally has the value of 1 (one), and whose name is traditionally "init" (except in the Linux kernel 3.4 and above [more info below]).
The first process created in a PID namespace is assigned the process ID number 1 and receives most of the same special treatment as the normal init process, most notably that orphaned processes within the namespace are attached to it. This also means that the termination of this PID 1 process will immediately terminate all processes in its PID ...
Lennart Poettering and Kay Sievers, the software engineers then working for Red Hat who initially developed systemd, [2] started a project to replace Linux's conventional System V init in 2010. [17] An April 2010 blog post from Poettering, titled "Rethinking PID 1", introduced an experimental version of what would later become systemd. [18]
Linux first added a /proc filesystem in v0.97.3, September 1992, and first began expanding it to non-process related data in v0.98.6, December 1992. As of 2020, the Linux implementation includes a directory for each running process, including kernel processes, in directories named /proc/PID, where PID is the process number. Each directory ...
Although the Linux booting process depends very much on the computer architecture, those architectures share similar stages and software components, [1] including system startup, bootloader execution, loading and startup of a Linux kernel image, and execution of various startup scripts and daemons. [2]
File descriptors for a single process, file table and inode table. Note that multiple file descriptors can refer to the same file table entry (e.g., as a result of the dup system call [3]: 104 ) and that multiple file table entries can in turn refer to the same inode (if it has been opened multiple times; the table is still simplified because it represents inodes by file names, even though an ...