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[2] [3] Right-shifting a negative value is implementation-defined and not recommended by good coding practice; [4] the result of left-shifting a signed value is undefined if the result cannot be represented in the result type. [2] In C#, the right-shift is an arithmetic shift when the first operand is an int or long.
The formal definition of an arithmetic shift, from Federal Standard 1037C is that it is: . A shift, applied to the representation of a number in a fixed radix numeration system and in a fixed-point representation system, and in which only the characters representing the fixed-point part of the number are moved.
In computer programming, a bitwise rotation, also known as a circular shift, is a bitwise operation that shifts all bits of its operand. Unlike an arithmetic shift , a circular shift does not preserve a number's sign bit or distinguish a floating-point number 's exponent from its significand .
In a binary search tree, a right rotation is the movement of a node, X, down to the right. This rotation assumes that X has a left child (or subtree). X's left child, R, becomes X's parent node and R's right child becomes X's new left child. This rotation is done to balance the tree; specifically when the left subtree of node X has a ...
Shifting right by n bits on an unsigned binary number has the effect of dividing it by 2 n (rounding towards 0). Logical right shift differs from arithmetic right shift. Thus, many languages have different operators for them. For example, in Java and JavaScript, the logical right shift operator is >>>, but the arithmetic right shift operator is >>.
The first computer to have multiple parallel discrete single-bit ALU circuits was the 1951 Whirlwind I, which employed sixteen such "math units" to enable it to operate on 16-bit words. In 1967, Fairchild introduced the first ALU-like device implemented as an integrated circuit, the Fairchild 3800, consisting of an eight-bit arithmetic unit ...
In the 1960s, the term double dabble was also used for a different mental algorithm, used by programmers to convert a binary number to decimal. It is performed by reading the binary number from left to right, doubling if the next bit is zero, and doubling and adding one if the next bit is one. [5]
The binary degree, also known as the binary radian (or brad), is 1 / 256 turn. [21] The binary degree is used in computing so that an angle can be represented to the maximum possible precision in a single byte. Other measures of angle used in computing may be based on dividing one whole turn into 2 n equal parts for other values of n. [22]