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In physical geography, a fjord (also spelled fiord in New Zealand English; / ˈ f j ɔːr d, f iː ˈ ɔːr d / ⓘ [1]) is a long, narrow sea inlet with steep sides or cliffs, created by a glacier. [2] Fjords exist on the coasts of Antarctica, the Arctic, and surrounding landmasses of the northern and southern hemispheres. [3]
The Hudson River fjord in New York is recognized as the only true Fjord in the eastern coast of the United States [1] [2] Somes Sound, a fjard located within Acadia National Park, is often mistaken for being another fjord located along the eastern coast of the United States. [3] [4]
Other low relief landforms that are only associated with fjards, such as mud flats, salt marshes, and flood plains, [1] further characterize the difference between fjords and fjards. "Förden" of the German coast and the fjords of Danish eastern Jutland together form a third type of glacial inlet. They tend to occur along older 'beheaded' river ...
For example, Haro Strait [21] between Victoria and the San Juan Islands was originally Canal de Haro. The English cognate to the Spanish canal is "channel", which is found throughout the coast, cf. Dean Channel. Some fjords on the British Columbian coast have rapids, termed skookumchucks which means strong waters in Chinook Jargon ...
A certain kind of inlet created by past glaciation is a fjord, typically but not always in mountainous coastlines and also in montane lakes. Multi-arm complexes of large inlets or fjords may be called sounds, e.g., Puget Sound, Howe Sound, Karmsund (sund is Scandinavian for "sound").
Fjord – Long, narrow inlet with steep sides or cliffs, created by glacial activity; Geo – Inlet, a gully or a narrow and deep cleft in the face of a cliff; Gulf – Large inlet from the ocean into the landmass List of gulfs; Headland – Landform extending into a body of water, often with significant height and drop
This broad definition also includes fjords, lagoons, river mouths, and tidal creeks. An estuary is a dynamic ecosystem having a connection to the open sea through which the sea water enters with the rhythm of the tides .
The Nærøyfjord (or Nærøyfjorden, Urban East Norwegian: [ˈnæ̂ːrœʏˌfjuːɳ]) is a fjord in Aurland Municipality in Vestland county, Norway. The narrow fjord is a branch of the large Sognefjord. The 18-kilometre (11 mi) long fjord is only 500 metres (1,600 ft) wide in some parts. [1]