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  2. Maximum landing weight - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maximum_landing_weight

    The maximum landing weight (MLW), also known as the maximum structural landing weight or maximum structural landing mass, [1] is the maximum aircraft gross weight due to design or operational limitations at which an aircraft is permitted to land. The MLW is set in order to ensure safe landings; if an aircraft weighs too heavy during touchdown ...

  3. List of airliners by maximum takeoff weight - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_airliners_by...

    This is a list of aircraft sorted by maximum ... MTOW = Maximum take-off weight, MLW = Maximum landing weight, TOR = Take-off run (SL, ISA+15°, MTOW ...

  4. Aircraft gross weight - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aircraft_gross_weight

    The aircraft gross weight (also known as the all-up weight and abbreviated AUW) is the total aircraft weight at any moment during the flight or ground operation. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] An aircraft's gross weight will decrease during a flight due to fuel and oil consumption.

  5. ACN-PCN method - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ACN-PCN_method

    ACNs depend on the landing gear geometry (number of wheels and wheel spacing), the landing gear load (that is dependent upon the aircraft weight and center of gravity) and the tire pressure. Normally, the aftmost center of gravity for the Maximum Ramp Weight (MRW) lead to the critical ACN.

  6. Fuel dumping - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuel_dumping

    Aircraft such as the Boeing 707 and 727 and the Douglas DC-8 had fuel dump systems. Any of those aircraft needing to return to a takeoff airport above the maximum landing weight would jettison an amount of fuel sufficient to reduce the aircraft's weight below that maximum landing weight limit, and then land.

  7. Wing loading - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wing_loading

    The Monarch Butterfly has a very low 0.168 kg/m 2 wing loading The McDonnell Douglas MD-11 has a high 837 kg/m 2 maximum wing loading. In aerodynamics, wing loading is the total weight of an aircraft or flying animal divided by the area of its wing.

  8. Ultralight aviation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultralight_aviation

    In Europe, the sporting (FAI) definition limits the maximum stalling speed to 65 km/h (40 mph) and the maximum take-off weight to 450 kg (992 lb), or 472.5 kg (1,042 lb) if a ballistic parachute is installed. The definition means that the aircraft has a slow landing speed and short landing roll in the event of an engine failure. [1]

  9. Maximum takeoff weight - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maximum_takeoff_weight

    Takeoff weight components. The maximum takeoff weight (MTOW) or maximum gross takeoff weight (MGTOW) or maximum takeoff mass (MTOM) of an aircraft, also known as the maximum structural takeoff weight or maximum structural takeoff mass, [1] is the maximum weight at which the pilot is allowed to attempt to take off, due to structural or other limits.