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Robert Frager is an American social psychologist responsible for establishing America's first educational institution dedicated to transpersonal psychology. Frager is known for founding the Institute of Transpersonal Psychology, now called Sofia University, in Palo Alto, California, where he currently holds the position of director of the low residency Master of Arts in Spiritual Guidance ...
Charles T. Tart (born 1937) is an American psychologist and parapsychologist known for his psychological work on the nature of consciousness (particularly altered states of consciousness), as one of the founders of the field of transpersonal psychology, and for his research in parapsychology. [1]
Transpersonal psychology focuses on exploring spiritual experiences, mystical states, self-transcendence, and the holistic development of human potential. An interest group was later re-formed as the Transpersonal Psychology Interest Group (TPIG), which continued to promote transpersonal issues in collaboration with Division 32. [6]
The institution was originally known as the California Institute of Transpersonal Psychology, one of several transpersonally-oriented institutions formed in the 1970s. [5] [6] The founders, Robert Frager and James Fadiman, wanted to offer the perspectives of transpersonal psychology alongside personal, therapeutic and spiritual disciplines, all within a community context.
Fadiman and Robert Frager cofounded the Institute of Transpersonal Psychology (now known as Sofia University) in 1975. [22] [23] He was a lecturer in psychedelic studies there. [24] [23] Fadiman was a president of the Association for Transpersonal Psychology. [25] He was also a director at the Institute of Noetic Sciences from 1975 to 1977. [23]
1969 – The Journal of Transpersonal Psychology was founded by Abraham Maslow, Stanislav Grof, and Anthony Sutich. 1969 – John Bowlby published his attachment theory in the classic book Attachment and Loss (vol. 1 of 3). 1969 – Harry Harlow published his experiment on affection development in rhesus monkeys.
The term has an early precedent in the writing of philosopher William James, who used the term "Trans-personal" in one of his lectures from 1905. [6] [7] However, this early terminology, introduced by James, had a different meaning than the current one [7] and its context was philosophy, not psychology, [6] which is where the term is mostly used these days.
He taught at the Institute of Transpersonal Psychology (1992–2010). [3] During the 1970s and early 1980s he conducted a series of experiments to test for psychokinetic influences upon living systems. [4] Braud with Charles Honorton were the first to modify the ganzfeld procedure for parapsychological use. [5]