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Oak wilt (Bretziella fagacearum), a vascular disease, attacks chinquapin oak and usually kills the tree within two to four years. Other diseases that attack chinquapin oak include the cankers Strumella coryneoidea and Nectria galligena , shoestring root rot ( Armillarea mellea ), anthracnose ( Gnomonia veneta ), and leaf blister ( Taphrina spp.).
Oak wilt is a devastating exotic disease, killing some trees rapidly in a single season. [7] Oak wilt is an important disease in urban areas where trees are highly valued. . The disease reduces property values because of the loss of trees and is economically costly to the property owner since they or the local government must pay for tree remo
English: Range map of counties in the United States with reported oak wilt in 2017. Date: 31 December 2017: Source:
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For example, quarantines on a federal and state level exist for firewood across the Eastern United States in an attempt to halt the spread of the emerald ash borer, gypsy moth, oak wilt, and others. Transporting firewood out of quarantine zones can result in a fine of up to $1 million and 25 years in jail, but punishments are usually much lower ...
Forest-productivity can be reduced even without widespread mortality. During a spongy moth outbreak, entire forests can be defoliated but then recover. However, the energy required for new foliage weakens the trees. Oaks—a favorite food source for spongy moth larva—produce a reduced acorn crop for years after a defoliating event.
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The oak timberworm is a known vector of the destructive fungus Bretziella fagacearum, which causes oak wilt. [6] Oak wilt is major cause of oak mortality in some regions and has been detected in 24 US states. [10] Oak wilt can cause rather sudden mortality in host trees due to the disruption of sap and water flow in the xylem. [11]