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In neuroanatomy, the cingulum or cingulum bundle is an association tract, a nerve tract that projects from the cingulate gyrus to the entorhinal cortex in the brain, allowing for communication between components of the limbic system. [1]
Cingulum means "belt" in Latin. [25] The name was likely chosen because this cortex, in great part, surrounds the corpus callosum. The cingulate cortex is a part of the "grand lobe limbique" of Broca (1878) that consisted of a superior cingulate part (supracallosal) and an inferior hippocampic part (infracallosal). [26]
The dorsal part of the ACC is connected with the prefrontal cortex and parietal cortex, as well as the motor system and the frontal eye fields, [6] making it a central station for processing top-down and bottom-up stimuli and assigning appropriate control to other areas in the brain.
The posterior cingulate cortex is considered a paralimbic cortical structure, consisting of Brodmann areas 23 and 31.As part of the paralimbic cortex, it has fewer than six layers, placing its cell architecture in between the six-layered neocortex and the more primitive allocortex of core limbic structures.
Association fibers are axons (nerve fibers) that connect cortical areas within the same cerebral hemisphere. [1]In human neuroanatomy, axons within the brain, can be categorized on the basis of their course and connections as association fibers, projection fibers, and commissural fibers. [1]
The cingulum forms from this lingual lobe of development. [12] The majority of a lingual surface's cervical third is made up of the cingulum. [13] On lower incisors, a cingulum usually is poorly developed or absent. Maxillary canines have a large, well-developed cingulum, [13] whereas the cingulum of mandibular canines is smoother and rounded. [14]
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Cingulum, from the Latin for belt or girdle, may refer to: Cingulum (brain), white matter fibers found in the brain; Cingulum (tooth), a shelf at the margin of a tooth; A type of groove encircling the theca of dinoflagellates; Cingulum (Catholicism), a rope belt used by monastic order such as the Order of Saint John (Bailiwick of Brandenburg)