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In botany and dendrology, a rhizome (/ ˈ r aɪ z oʊ m / RY-zohm) [note 1] is a modified subterranean plant stem that sends out roots and shoots from its nodes. Rhizomes are also called creeping rootstalks or just rootstalks. [3] Rhizomes develop from axillary buds and grow horizontally. The rhizome also retains the ability to allow new shoots ...
A number of plants have soil-level or above-ground rhizomes, including Iris species and many orchid species. T. Holm (1929) restricted the term rhizome to a horizontal, usually subterranean, stem that produces roots from its lower surface and green leaves from its apex, developed directly from the plumule of the embryo.
The rhizome of some species, including Atractylodes lancea, and A. macrocephala (Chinese: 白朮), are used in traditional Chinese medicine, and in Japanese medicine, [6] as a diuretic, an anti-inflammatory, an anti-coagulant, together with other uses.
A geophyte (earth+plant) is a plant with an underground storage organ including true bulbs, corms, tubers, tuberous roots, enlarged hypocotyls, and rhizomes. Most plants with underground stems are geophytes but not all plants that are geophytes have underground stems. Geophytes are often physiologically active even when they lack leaves.
The rhizomes of cannas are rich in starch, and have many uses in agriculture. All of the plant material has commercial value, rhizomes for starch (consumption by humans and livestock), stems and foliage for animal fodder, young shoots as a vegetable, and young seeds as an addition to tortillas. The seeds are used as beads in jewelry. [23]
The rhizome of D. obscurum typically produces only one upright shoot per year and grows in a single direction. [14] In the beginning of a growing season, the rhizome grows a few centimeters and then forms one branch at a 90° angle, alternating sides each year, which remains only millimeters in length.
The rhizome is creeping and the fronds appear to have random placement, originating at various points. The rhizome appears reddish-brown, and has a sweet licorice flavor. Since it is a fern, P. glycyrrhiza reproduces by spores; the spores form in two rows of sori , which look like large spots on the undersides of the leaves.
Rhizomes and roots. Rhizomes are persistent and have scale leaves. They can be sympodial; spreading and thread-like, or cylindric, clumped and fleshy. [4] Maianthemum paludicola has an unusual woody, upright sympodial rhizome set above ground. [5] Roots may be spread along the rhizome, clumped at the nodes, or clumped near the base of leafy shoots.