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The Barabar Hill Caves are the oldest surviving rock-cut caves in India, dating from the Maurya Empire (322–185 BCE), some with Ashokan inscriptions, located in the Makhdumpur region of Jehanabad district, Bihar, India, 24 km (15 mi) north of Gaya.
The site is close to the Falgu River, and Barabar Caves Information Centre is close by. [10] The Cave is 30 kilometres (19 mi) north of Gaya in Bihar, an eastern state in India and about 1,500 kilometres (930 mi) from Ajanta Caves.
Also called Gopi or Gopi-ka-Kubha or simply Nagarjuni, Gopika cave is the largest of all the caves of the Barabar complex It consists of a single large oblong room of 13.95x5.84m. The two ends of the room have the particularity of being circular, contrary to the other caves.
Makhdumpur is a town in the Bihar state of India. It is a major town of Jehanabad district and Patna-Gaya Corridor . The Barabar Hills/Barabar Caves tourist region is 10 KM South-East of Makhdumpur proper city.
Karan Chaupar Cave Barabar and Nagarjuni hills, Jehanabad Upload Photo: N-BR-23 Vadathika Cave Barabar and Nagarjuni hils: Jehanabad Upload Photo: N-BR-24 Lomas Rishi Cave Barabar and Nagarjuni hils, Jehanabad Lomas Rishi Cave More images: N-BR-25 Sudama Cave Barabar and Nagarjuni hils, Jehanabad Sudama Cave More images: N-BR-26 Vapiyaka Cave
There is another cave with the structure and polishing qualities of the Barabar caves, but without any inscription. This is the Sitamarhi Cave, 20 km from Rajgir, 10 km south-west of Hisua, also dated of the Maurya empire. It is smaller than the Barabar caves, measuring only 4.91x3.43m, with a ceiling height of 2.01m.
For this reason, he tends to date the cave on the basis of its similarities with the caves of Barabar (general shape, trapezoidal entrance door, polishing, although extremely limited) to the time of Ashoka (260 BCE), or even a little earlier, making it the possible precursor of all artificial caves in India such as the Barabar Caves. [4]
The Gopika Cave Inscription, also called the Nagarjuni Hill Cave Inscription II of Anantavarman or formerly the Gya inscription (referring to the nearby city of Gaya), [1] [2] is a 5th- or 6th-century CE Sanskrit inscription in Late Brahmi found in the Nagarjuni hill cave of the Barabar Caves group in Gaya district, Bihar, India.