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Fire protection was a new science in this time period and depended on manually turning on the sprinklers. In 1874, Henry S. Parmelee of New Haven, Connecticut, patented an automatic sprinkling device, and four years later the Providence Steam and Gas Pipe Co. secured the right to manufacture and install it, paying royalties to the inventor.
CPVC sprinkler pipe inside a firestop mock-up. Chlorinated polyvinyl chloride (CPVC) is a thermoplastic produced by chlorination of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) resin. CPVC is significantly more flexible than PVC, and can also withstand higher temperatures. Uses include hot and cold water delivery pipes and industrial liquid handling.
A common type of this style fitting is a "hex bushing" with a hex head for installation with a pipe wrench. A double-tapped bushing is more compact than a reducer but not as flexible. While a double-tapped bushing has a more minor female thread concentric to a larger male thread (and thus couples a smaller male end to a larger female), a ...
Five trammel hooks in a museum A 1485 German woodcut illustrating a trammel hook. A trammel hook is an adjustable hook used to suspend objects at variable heights.. Trammel hooks may be used to hold a pot or kettle over a fire while cooking, allowing the height of the pot to be easily changed.
Attempts have been made to increase the safety of bridges with pin and hanger assemblies by adding some form of redundancy to the assembly. Retrofits that add redundancy to pin and hanger assemblies include adding a "catcher's mitt"—a short steel beam attached to the bottom of the cantilevered girder that extends out beneath the suspended girder to "catch" the suspended girder should ...
The hanger arrangement is what separates network tied arch structures from other types of tied arches, such as those with vertical hangers. It is defined by the number of hangers, hanger inclination and hanger distance. A radial hanger arrangement provides an efficient structure, as shown by Benjamin Brunn and Frank Schanack in 2003. [1]
In fire protection engineering, the K-factor formula is used to calculate the volumetric flow rate from a nozzle. Spray nozzles can for example be fire sprinklers or water mist nozzles, hose reel nozzles, water monitors and deluge fire system nozzles.
Casing hangers must be designed to take the full weight of the casing, and provide a seal between the casing hanger and the spool. Casing Hangers may also be suspended within the wellhead by means of radial distortion of the wellhead bore e.g. the "Pos-Grip" method. This is installed to support the individual casing strings in the well.