Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
It is the primary form of thyroid hormone found in the blood and acts as a prohormone of the more active thyroid hormone, triiodothyronine (T 3). [1] Thyroxine and its active metabolites are essential for regulating metabolic rate , supporting heart and muscle function , promoting brain development , and maintaining bone health .
The hypothalamic–pituitary–thyroid axis (HPT axis for short, a.k.a. thyroid homeostasis or thyrotropic feedback control) is part of the neuroendocrine system responsible for the regulation of metabolism and also responds to stress. As its name suggests, it depends upon the hypothalamus, the pituitary gland, and the thyroid gland.
The thyroid system of the thyroid hormones T 3 and T 4 [1] Thyroid hormones are two hormones produced and released by the thyroid gland, triiodothyronine (T 3) and thyroxine (T 4). They are tyrosine-based hormones that are primarily responsible for regulation of metabolism. T 3 and T 4 are partially composed of iodine, derived from food. [2]
Levothyroxine is a synthetic form of thyroxine (T 4), which is secreted by the thyroid gland. Levothyroxine and thyroxine are chemically identical: natural thyroxine is also in the "levo" chiral form, the difference is only in terminological preference. T 4 is biosynthesized from tyrosine. Approximately 5% of the US population suffers from over ...
In 1971, the thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) radioimmunoassay was developed, which was the most specific marker for assessing thyroid status in patients. [82] Many people who were being treated based on basal metabolic rate, minimizing hypothyroid symptoms, or based on serum protein-bound iodine, were found to have excessive thyroid hormone. [82]
Thyroid peroxidase, also called thyroperoxidase (TPO), thyroid specific peroxidase or iodide peroxidase, is an enzyme expressed mainly in the thyroid where it is secreted into colloid. Thyroid peroxidase oxidizes iodide ions to form iodine atoms for addition onto tyrosine residues on thyroglobulin for the production of thyroxine (T 4 ) or ...
The thyroid hormone receptor (TR) [1] is a type of nuclear receptor that is activated by binding thyroid hormone. [2] TRs act as transcription factors , ultimately affecting the regulation of gene transcription and translation .
Thyroid diseases are highly prevalent worldwide, [10] [11] [12] and treatment varies based on the disorder. Levothyroxine is the mainstay of treatment for people with hypothyroidism, [13] while people with hyperthyroidism caused by Graves' disease can be managed with iodine therapy, antithyroid medication, or surgical removal of the thyroid ...