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The Geospatial Data Abstraction Library (GDAL) is a computer software library for reading and writing raster and vector geospatial data formats (e.g. shapefile), and is released under the permissive X/MIT style free software license by the Open Source Geospatial Foundation.
Generic Mapping Tools (GMT) are an open-source collection of computer software tools for processing and displaying xy and xyz datasets, including rasterization, filtering and other image processing operations, and various kinds of map projections.
GeoPackage (GPKG) is an open, non-proprietary, platform-independent and standards-based data format for geographic information systems built as a set of conventions over a SQLite database. Defined by the Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) [ 2 ] with the backing of the US military [ 3 ] and published in 2014, GeoPackage has seen widespread support ...
National Transfer Format (NTF) – National Transfer Format (mostly used by the UK Ordnance Survey) Shapefile – open, hybrid vector data format using SHP, SHX and DBF files (by ESRI) Spatial Data File – high-performance geodatabase format, native to MapGuide (by Autodesk) TIGER – Topologically Integrated Geographic Encoding and Referencing
GeoJSON – a lightweight format based on JSON, used by many open source GIS packages; GeoMedia – Intergraph's Microsoft Access based format for spatial vector storage; Keyhole Markup Language (KML) – XML based open standard (by OpenGIS) for GIS data exchange; MapInfo TAB format – MapInfo's vector data format using TAB, DAT, ID and MAP files
The shapefile format is a digital vector storage format for storing geographic location and associated attribute information. This format lacks the capacity to store topological information. The shapefile format was introduced with ArcView GIS version 2 in the early 1990s. It is now possible to read and write geographical datasets using the ...
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GeoJSON [1] is an open standard format designed for representing simple geographical features, along with their non-spatial attributes.It is based on the JSON format.. The features include points (therefore addresses and locations), line strings (therefore streets, highways and boundaries), polygons (countries, provinces, tracts of land), and multi-part collections of these types.