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The endometrial biopsy is a medical procedure that involves taking a tissue sample of the lining of the uterus. The tissue subsequently undergoes a histologic evaluation which aids the physician in forming a diagnosis.
The procedure can also aid in regulation of the menstrual cycle and to obtain a sample for endometrial biopsy. [11] A study found use of Karman vacuum aspiration to be a safer option for endometrial biopsy when compared to the alternatives such as conventional endometrial curettage. [3] It is also used to terminate molar pregnancy. [12]
The choice is dependent on the procedure, the patient's condition, and the physician's preference. Fluids can be used for both diagnostic and operative procedures. However, CO 2 gas does not allow the clearing of blood and endometrial debris during the procedure, which could make the imaging visualization difficult. Gas embolism may also arise ...
HSG is considered a diagnostic procedure.It is used in the workup of infertile females to assess the patency of fallopian tubes, assess the competency of the cervix or congenital abnormality of the uterus in multiple miscarriages, assess the patency of fallopian tubes after surgery or tubal ligation, or before reversal of tubal ligation.
Endometrial hyperplasia is a condition of excessive proliferation of the cells of the endometrium, or inner lining of the uterus. Most cases of endometrial hyperplasia result from high levels of estrogens , combined with insufficient levels of the progesterone-like hormones which ordinarily counteract estrogen's proliferative effects on this ...
Endometrial polyps are usually benign although some may be precancerous or cancerous. [3] About 0.5% of endometrial polyps contain adenocarcinoma cells. [14] Polyps can increase the risk of miscarriage in women undergoing IVF treatment. [3] If they develop near the fallopian tubes, they may lead to difficulty in becoming pregnant. [3]
Endometrial cancer is commonly diagnosed by endometrial biopsy or by taking samples during a procedure known as dilation and curettage. [1] A pap smear is not typically sufficient to show endometrial cancer. [4] Regular screening in those at normal risk is not called for. [10]
In early stages, minimal invasive surgery is preferred. [16] For endometrial cancer, five main types of treatments are used, including surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, hormone therapy, and targeted therapy. The most common treatment modality for endometrial cancer is surgery, whereby the uterus is removed via a total hysterectomy. [15]