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In geometry, a pentagon (from Greek πέντε (pente) 'five' and γωνία (gonia) 'angle' [1]) is any five-sided polygon or 5-gon. The sum of the internal angles in a simple pentagon is 540°. A pentagon may be simple or self-intersecting. A self-intersecting regular pentagon (or star pentagon) is called a pentagram.
Shoelace scheme for determining the area of a polygon with point coordinates (,),..., (,). The shoelace formula, also known as Gauss's area formula and the surveyor's formula, [1] is a mathematical algorithm to determine the area of a simple polygon whose vertices are described by their Cartesian coordinates in the plane. [2]
A regular pentagon has 5 equal edges and 5 equal angles. In geometry, a polygon is traditionally a plane figure that is bounded by a finite chain of straight line segments closing in a loop to form a closed chain. These segments are called its edges or sides, and the points where two of the edges meet are the polygon's vertices (singular ...
Regular pentagon (n = 5) with side s, circumradius R and apothem a Graphs of side, s; apothem, a; and area, A of regular polygons of n sides and circumradius 1, with the base, b of a rectangle with the same area.
In either case, the area formula is correct in absolute value. This is commonly called the shoelace formula or surveyor's formula. [6] The area A of a simple polygon can also be computed if the lengths of the sides, a 1, a 2, ..., a n and the exterior angles, θ 1, θ 2, ..., θ n are known, from:
It follows from the ratio of circumradius to inradius that the height-to-width ratio of a regular hexagon is 1:1.1547005; that is, a hexagon with a long diagonal of 1.0000000 will have a distance of 0.8660254 or cos(30°) between parallel sides.
Using these formulas, the area of any polygon can be found by dividing the polygon into triangles. [4] For shapes with curved boundary, calculus is usually required to compute the area. Indeed, the problem of determining the area of plane figures was a major motivation for the historical development of calculus .
Apothem of a hexagon Graphs of side, s; apothem, a; and area, A of regular polygons of n sides and circumradius 1, with the base, b of a rectangle with the same area. The green line shows the case n = 6. The apothem (sometimes abbreviated as apo [1]) of a regular polygon is a line