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The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to concepts related to infectious diseases in humans.. Infection – transmission, entry/invasion after evading/overcoming defense, establishment, and replication of disease-causing microscopic organisms (pathogens) inside a host organism, and the reaction of host tissues to them and to the toxins they produce.
Chain of infection; the chain of events that lead to infection. There is a general chain of events that applies to infections, sometimes called the chain of infection [14] or transmission chain. The chain of events involves several steps – which include the infectious agent, reservoir, entering a susceptible host, exit and transmission to new ...
Bacillus cereus infection Culture Vancomycin: No multiple bacteria Bacterial meningitis: Lumbar puncture (contraindicated if there is a mass in the brain or the intracranial pressure is elevated), CT or MRI Antibiotics No multiple bacteria Bacterial pneumonia: Sputum Gram stain and culture, Chest radiography Antibiotics No
Transmissibility is the probability of an infection, given a contact between an infected host and a noninfected host. [8] Community transmission means that the source of infection for the spread of an illness is unknown or a link in terms of contacts between patients and other people is missing. It refers to the difficulty in grasping the ...
Bacterial skin infections include: Impetigo is a highly contagious bacterial skin infection commonly seen in children. [17] It is caused by Staphylococcus aureus, and Streptococcus pyogenes. [18] Erysipelas is an acute streptococcus bacterial infection [19] of the deeper skin layers that spreads via with lymphatic system.
Maternal infections account for 2 to 4% of all clinically diagnosed S. pyogenes infections. [9] The risk of sepsis is relatively high compared to other bacterial infections acquired during pregnancy, and S. pyogenes is a leading cause of septic shock and death in pregnant and postpartum women. [10]
Streptococcus is a genus of gram-positive or spherical bacteria that belongs to the family Streptococcaceae, within the order Lactobacillales (lactic acid bacteria), in the phylum Bacillota. [2] Cell division in streptococci occurs along a single axis , thus when growing they tend to form pairs or chains, which may appear bent or twisted.
Bacterial infections may be treated with antibiotics, which are classified as bacteriocidal if they kill bacteria or bacteriostatic if they just prevent bacterial growth. There are many types of antibiotics, and each class inhibits a process that is different in the pathogen from that found in the host.