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Opcode abbreviated from operation code is the portion of a machine language instruction that specifies the operation to be performed. Base instructions form a Turing-complete instruction set. Object model instructions provide an implementation for the Common Type System.
Adding BCD numbers using these opcodes is a complex task, and requires many instructions to add even modest numbers. It can also require a large amount of memory. [ 2 ] If only doing integer calculations, then all integer calculations are exact, so the radix of the number representation is not important for accuracy.
When bit 15 of the opcode is set, it indicates that the 8-bit operand address in opcode bits 0–6 and 14 is extended to 16 bits using bits 0–7 of the following instruction word. Such instructions are written with an L prefix (LADD vs. ADD) and take an extra cycle to execute.
Opcode for OR 0,0,0. [7] LDI 26,0: 4 0x34000034 Palindromic NOP - that is, an instruction that executes as NOP regardless of whether byte order is interpreted as little-endian or big-endian. Some PA-RISC system instructions are required to be followed by seven palindromic NOPs. [7] POWER, PowerPC, Power ISA: NOP: 4 0x60000000 Opcode for ori r0 ...
An opcode table (also called an opcode matrix) is a visual representation of all opcodes in an instruction set. It is arranged such that each axis of the table represents an upper or lower nibble, which combined form the full byte of the opcode. Additional opcode tables can exist for additional instructions created using an opcode prefix.
Opcode AAA: ASCII adjust AL after addition: used with unpacked binary-coded decimal: 0x37: AAD: ASCII adjust AX before division: 8086/8088 datasheet documents only base 10 version of the AAD instruction (opcode 0xD5 0x0A), but any other base will work. Later Intel's documentation has the generic form too.
Keeping the addressing mode specifier bits separate from the opcode operation bits produces an orthogonal instruction set. As the ultimate end of orthogonal design is simply to allow any instruction to use any type of address, implementing orthogonality is often simply a case of adding more wiring between the parts of the processor.
Opcodes can be found in so-called byte codes and other representations intended for a software interpreter rather than a hardware device. These software-based instruction sets often employ slightly higher-level data types and operations than most hardware counterparts, but are nevertheless constructed along similar lines.
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