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Russian lost its status as the official lingua franca of Turkmenistan in 1996. [32] According to estimates from Demoskop Weekly, in 2004 there were 150,000 native speakers of Russian in the country and 100,000 active speakers. [33] Russian is spoken by 12% of the population, according to an undated estimate from the World Factbook. [35]
Russian is used routinely in business, government, and inter-ethnic communication, although Kazakh is slowly replacing it. [1] Russian is the most spoken language. According to the 2009 census, 94% of people in Kazakhstan understood verbal Russian and 74% understood verbal Kazakh.
Mongolia [b] is a landlocked country in East Asia, bordered by Russia to the north and China to the south. It covers an area of 1,564,116 square kilometres (603,909 square miles), with a population of 3.5 million, making it the world's most sparsely populated sovereign state.
There are smaller numbers of Russian, Chinese, Korean and American people working in Mongolia since 1990. 3,000 Westerners live in Mongolia, accounting for 0.1% of its total population. [ 26 ] English is the most widely used foreign language followed by Russian .
The Mongolic languages are a language family that is spoken in East-Central Asia, mostly in Mongolia, Inner Mongolia, an autonomous region of China, Xinjiang, another autonomous region of China, the region of Qinghai, and also in Kalmykia, a republic of Southern European Russia.
[54] [90] Russian is spoken by 14.2% of the population according to an undated estimate from the World Factbook. [57] In 2005, Russian was the most widely taught foreign language in Mongolia, [91] and was compulsory in Year 7 onward as a second foreign language in 2006. [92] Around 1.5 million Israelis spoke Russian as of 2017. [93]
Mongolian is the official national language of Mongolia, where it is spoken (but not always written) by nearly 3.6 million people (2014 estimate), [16] and the official provincial language (both spoken and written forms) of Inner Mongolia, where there are at least 4.1 million ethnic Mongols. [17]
The Chuvash language, spoken by 1 million people in European Russia, ... in 1941 Mongolia switched to a version of the Russian alphabet called Mongolian Cyrillic.