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Form follows function is a principle of design associated with late 19th- and early 20th-century architecture and industrial design in general, which states that the shape of a building or object should primarily relate to its intended function or purpose.
The phrase "form follows function" was coined by architect Louis H. Sullivan in his 1896 essay "The Tall Office Building Artistically Considered." The statement refers to the idea that a skyscraper's exterior design should reflect the different interior functions.
It’s about understanding that while the function is crucial, the form can enhance, elevate, or sometimes even redefine that function. In the contemporary design landscape, it’s less about one following the other, but about the two existing in a harmonious, symbiotic relationship.
Form determines function: the shape of a body part directly affects what it can do. When this relationship principle is continuously applied to studying anatomy and physiology, it helps make the material easier to understand.
Form answers the questions of “what?” and “how?” After clarifying the function, form fills in the details and plan for how to realize the purpose. Function must come first.
The form is the shape of the shell of a building that distinguishes it while function refers to the tectonics of a building. The function is more inclined towards the purpose and program of the building and form is expressed through the fancy exteriors, mainly for decorative purposes.
Learn what a function is in science, and how it differs from form. Discover the relationship between form and function in biology, and identify examples. Updated: 11/21/2023.
For Wright, function and form were equally important and essentially coherent. Function embodies purpose. Form embodies appeal. “Form follows function”, admittedly, makes perfect sense.
Function, on the other hand, addresses the purpose and utility of a structure. Beyond the visual appeal, a building must fulfill its intended use efficiently. The alignment of form and function ensures that architectural creations are not only visually pleasing but also practical and user-friendly.
One way to know which areas are ripe for experimentation and which are risky is to consider the functional purpose of a given feature: does it facilitate a specific tangible outcome, such as the completion of a task, or does it enable an intangible experience?