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Information is an abstract concept that refers to something which has the power to inform. At the most fundamental level, it pertains to the interpretation ...
For a given probability space, the measurement of rarer events are intuitively more "surprising", and yield more information content, than more common values. Thus, self-information is a strictly decreasing monotonic function of the probability, or sometimes called an "antitonic" function.
The Information Age [a] is a historical period that began in the mid-20th century.It is characterized by a rapid shift from traditional industries, as established during the Industrial Revolution, to an economy centered on information technology. [2]
Information technology (IT) is a set of related fields within information and communications technology (ICT), that encompass computer systems, software, programming languages, data and information processing, and storage. [1] Information technology is an application of computer science and computer engineering.
Information architecture (IA) is the structural design of shared information environments; the art and science of organizing and labelling websites, intranets, online communities and software to support usability and findability; and an emerging community of practice focused on bringing principles of design, architecture and information science to the digital landscape. [1]
A lab in which computer and information science (CIS) is studied. Computer and information science [1] [2] [3] (CIS; also known as information and computer science) is a field that emphasizes both computing and informatics, upholding the strong association between the fields of information sciences and computer sciences and treating computers as a tool rather than a field.
where is the Kullback–Leibler divergence, and is the outer product distribution which assigns probability () to each (,).. Notice, as per property of the Kullback–Leibler divergence, that (;) is equal to zero precisely when the joint distribution coincides with the product of the marginals, i.e. when and are independent (and hence observing tells you nothing about ).
Informatics (a combination of the words "information" and "automatic") is the study of computational systems. [1] [2] According to the ACM Europe Council and Informatics Europe, informatics is synonymous with computer science and computing as a profession, [3] in which the central notion is transformation of information.