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The Malay alphabet has a phonemic orthography; words are spelled the way they are pronounced, with a notable defectiveness: /ə/ and /e/ are both written as E/e.The names of the letters, however, differ between Indonesia and rest of the Malay-speaking countries; while Malaysia, Brunei and Singapore follow the letter names of the English alphabet, Indonesia largely follows the letter names of ...
Before 1972, this sound was written as sh in Brunei, Malaysia and Singapore and as sj in Indonesia. /x/ is written kh . Before 1972, this sound was written as ch in Indonesia. /ɣ/ is written gh (used in Standard Bruneian and Malaysian Malay, replaced by g in Indonesian) /q/ is written k or q
This list of post-nominal letters used throughout Malaysia is compiled from the individual post-nominal letters pages. The order in which they follow an individual's name is the same as the order of precedence for the wearing of order insignias, decorations, and medals.
The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Malay (Malaysian and Indonesian) pronunciations in Wikipedia articles.For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, see Template:IPA and Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation § Entering IPA characters.
The extent to which Malay is used in these countries varies depending on historical and cultural circumstances. Malay is the national language in Malaysia by Article 152 of the Constitution of Malaysia, and became the sole official language in Peninsular Malaysia in 1968 and in East Malaysia gradually from 1974.
In Malaysia, the position of Jawi is protected under Section 9 of the National Language Act 1963/67, as it retains a degree of official use in religious and cultural contexts. In some states, most notably Kelantan , Terengganu and Pahang , Jawi has co-official script status as businesses are mandated to adopt Jawi signage and billboards.
Malaysian Malay (Malay: Bahasa Melayu Malaysia) or Malaysian (Bahasa Malaysia) [7] —endonymically within Malaysia as Standard Malay (Bahasa Melayu piawai) or simply Malay (Bahasa Melayu, abbreviated to BM)— is a standardized form of the Malay language used in Malaysia and also used in Brunei and Singapore (as opposed to the variety used in Indonesia, which is referred to as the "Indonesian ...
Jawi alphabet (for Malay and a number of other languages) [4] Cham script (for Cham language) [5] Eskayan script (for Eskayan language) [6] Kawi script (used across Maritime Southeast Asia) [7] Balinese script [8] Batak script [9] Baybayin [10] Buhid script [11] Hanunó'o script [12] Kulitan alphabet (for Kapampangan language) Tagbanwa script ...