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  2. Plotting algorithms for the Mandelbrot set - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plotting_algorithms_for...

    The simplest algorithm for generating a representation of the Mandelbrot set is known as the "escape time" algorithm. A repeating calculation is performed for each x, y point in the plot area and based on the behavior of that calculation, a color is chosen for that pixel.

  3. Convergence tests - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convergence_tests

    exists there are three possibilities: if L > 1 the series converges (this includes the case L = ∞) if L < 1 the series diverges. and if L = 1 the test is inconclusive. An alternative formulation of this test is as follows. Let { an } be a series of real numbers. Then if b > 1 and K (a natural number) exist such that.

  4. Mandelbrot set - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandelbrot_set

    The Mandelbrot set ( / ˈmændəlbroʊt, - brɒt /) [1] [2] is a two-dimensional set with a relatively simple definition that exhibits great complexity, especially as it is magnified. It is popular for its aesthetic appeal and fractal structures. The set is defined in the complex plane as the complex numbers for which the function does not ...

  5. Autostereogram - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autostereogram

    The top and bottom images produce a dent or projection depending on whether viewed with cross- () or wall- () eyed vergence. An autostereogram is a two-dimensional (2D) image that can create the optical illusion of a three-dimensional (3D) scene. Autostereograms use only one image to accomplish the effect while normal stereograms require two.

  6. Cauchy's convergence test - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cauchy's_convergence_test

    Cauchy's convergence test. The Cauchy convergence test is a method used to test infinite series for convergence. It relies on bounding sums of terms in the series. This convergence criterion is named after Augustin-Louis Cauchy who published it in his textbook Cours d'Analyse 1821. [1]

  7. Dirichlet's test - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dirichlet's_test

    An analogous statement for convergence of improper integrals is proven using integration by parts. If the integral of a function f is uniformly bounded over all intervals , and g is a non-negative monotonically decreasing function , then the integral of fg is a convergent improper integral.

  8. Depth perception - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Depth_perception

    Perspective, relative size, occultation and texture gradients all contribute to the three-dimensional appearance of this photo. Depth perception is the ability to perceive distance to objects in the world using the visual system and visual perception. It is a major factor in perceiving the world in three dimensions.

  9. Convergence proof techniques - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convergence_proof_techniques

    Convergence proof techniques are canonical components of mathematical proofs that sequences or functions converge to a finite limit when the argument tends to infinity. There are many types of series and modes of convergence requiring different techniques. Below are some of the more common examples. This article is intended as an introduction ...