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The constitution of Nigeria is the written supreme law of the Federal Republic of Nigeria. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Nigeria has had many constitutions. Its current form was enacted on 29 May 1999 and kickstarted the Fourth Nigerian Republic .
English: This is the first constitution of Nigeria, which was adopted in 1922. As a British colony at the time, the constitution was adopted by an Order in Council, issued by King George, with the advice of His Privy Council.
The Constitution of Nigeria is the supreme law of the country. There are four distinct legal systems in Nigeria, which include English law, Common law, Customary law, and Sharia Law. English law in Nigeria is derived from the colonial Nigeria, while common law is a development from its post-colonial independence. [1]
The constitution also expanded the scope of Sharia courts of appeal to cover all states that desired them, and gave them jurisdiction over civil proceedings involving questions of Islamic law. [22] The fourth constitution of Nigeria was adopted in 1989, after another period of military rule that lasted from 1983 to 1993. [23]
In Nigeria, men and women have an equal right to participate in public office, which is guaranteed to them by the constitution. Section 40 of the 1999 Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria bestows upon Nigerian citizens the right to belong to any political party, trade union or any other association for the protection of his interests ...
Nigeria's membership in the British Commonwealth began in 1960 and was suspended from 1995 to 1999 when the country became a state under military rule. [12] It was reinstated in 1999 when democracy was established with the Presidential Constitution and Fourth Republic of Nigeria, and it remains a part of the Commonwealth to this day. [12]
Human rights in Nigeria are protected under the current constitution of 1999. [1] While Nigeria has made major improvements in human rights under this constitution, the American Human Rights Report of 2012 notes several areas where more improvement is needed, which includes: [2] abuses by Boko Haram, killings by government forces, lack of social equality and issues with freedom of speech.
Nigeria has 774 local government areas (LGAs), each administered by a local government council [1] consisting of a chairman, who is the chief executive, and other elected members, who are referred to as councillors. Each LGA is further subdivided into a minimum of ten and a maximum of twenty wards.