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Māori originated with settlers from East Polynesia, who arrived in New Zealand in several waves of canoe voyages between roughly 1320 and 1350. [13] Over several centuries in isolation, these settlers developed a distinct culture , whose language, mythology, crafts, and performing arts evolved independently from those of other eastern ...
The Māori settlement of New Zealand represents an end-point of a long chain of island-hopping voyages in the South Pacific.. Evidence from genetics, archaeology, linguistics, and physical anthropology indicates that the ancestry of Polynesian people stretches all the way back to indigenous peoples of Taiwan.
In the most recent New Zealand census, in 2018, 70.2 per cent of the population identified as European and 16.5 per cent as Māori.Other major pan-ethnic groups include Asians (15.1 per cent) and Pacific peoples (8.1 per cent).
Māori cultural history intertwines inextricably with the culture of Polynesia as a whole. The New Zealand archipelago forms the southwestern corner of the Polynesian Triangle, a major part of the Pacific Ocean with three island groups at its corners: the Hawaiian Islands, Rapa Nui (Easter Island), and New Zealand (Aotearoa in te reo Māori). [10]
In Māori and in many other Polynesian languages, iwi literally means ' bone ' [8] derived from Proto-Oceanic *suRi₁ meaning ' thorn, splinter, fish bone '. [9] Māori may refer to returning home after travelling or living elsewhere as "going back to the bones" — literally to the burial-areas of the ancestors.
Academic research examining Māori cultural and racial identity has been conducted since the 1990s. [11] The 1994 study by Mason Durie (Te Hoe Nuku Roa Framework: A Maori Identity Measure), Massey University's 2004 study of Maori cultural identity, and 2010's Multi-dimensional model of Maori identity and cultural engagement by Chris Sibley and Carla Houkamau have explored the concept in ...
Neither saw evidence of a human origin and they concluded the formation is a natural ignimbrite outcrop formed 330,000 years ago. [50] [51] Archaeologist Neville Ritchie of the New Zealand Department of Conservation observed "matching micro-irregularities along the joints." This indicated that the blocks in the wall were too perfectly matched.
This list includes groups recognised as iwi (tribes) in certain contexts. Many are also hapū (sub-tribes) of larger iwi. Moriori are included on this list. Although they are distinct from the Māori people, they share common ancestors.