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List of philosophers born in the 1st through 10th centuries; List of philosophers born in the 11th through 14th centuries; List of philosophers born in the 15th and 16th centuries; List of philosophers born in the 17th century; List of philosophers born in the 18th century; List of philosophers born in the 19th century
Influential analytic philosopher. ... Humanist, advocate of free will. Niccolò Machiavelli (1469–1527). Political realism. Nicolaus Copernicus (1473–1543).
Ancient Greek philosophy began in Miletus with the pre-Socratic philosopher Thales [1] [2] and lasted through Late Antiquity. Some of the most famous and influential philosophers of all time were from the ancient Greek world, including Socrates, Plato and Aristotle. ↵Abbreviations used in this list: c. = circa; fl. = flourished
John Locke's portrait by Godfrey Kneller, National Portrait Gallery, London. John Locke (/ l ɒ k /; 29 August 1632 – 28 October 1704 ()) [13] was an English philosopher and physician, widely regarded as one of the most influential of the Enlightenment thinkers and commonly known as the "father of liberalism".
Ludwig Josef Johann Wittgenstein was an Austrian philosopher who contributed several ground-breaking works to modern philosophy, primarily on the foundations of logic, the philosophy of mathematics, the philosophy of language, and the philosophy of mind. He is widely regarded as one of the most influential philosophers of the 20th century.
Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche [ii] (15 October 1844 – 25 August 1900) was a German philologist, philosopher, poet, cultural critic and composer who became one of the most influential of all modern thinkers. [14] He began his career as a classical philologist, turning to philosophy early in his academic career.
Philosophers (and others important in the history of philosophy), listed alphabetically: Note: This list has a minimal criterion for inclusion and the relevance to philosophy of some individuals on the list is disputed.
Ludwig Josef Johann Wittgenstein (/ ˈ v ɪ t ɡ ən ʃ t aɪ n,-s t aɪ n / VIT-gən-s(h)tyne, [7] Austrian German: [ˈluːdvɪk ˈjoːsɛf ˈjoːhan ˈvɪtɡn̩ʃtaɪn]; 26 April 1889 – 29 April 1951) was an Austrian philosopher who worked primarily in logic, the philosophy of mathematics, the philosophy of mind, and the philosophy of language.