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  2. Seismic magnitude scales - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seismic_magnitude_scales

    Much of an earthquake's total energy as measured by M w is dissipated as friction (resulting in heating of the crust). [52] An earthquake's potential to cause strong ground shaking depends on the comparatively small fraction of energy radiated as seismic waves, and is better measured on the energy magnitude scale, M e. [53]

  3. 4.2-kiloyear event - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/4.2-kiloyear_event

    The 4.2 ka event appears to have wettened the climate in the Alps. [37] Lake Petit saw increased precipitation during the ice-free season, evidenced by an increase in δ 18 O diatom. [38] Southern Italy, in contrast, experienced intense aridification. [37] A major decline in forests occurred in Italy as a result of the climatic perturbation. [39]

  4. Modified Mercalli intensity scale - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modified_Mercalli...

    The Modified Mercalli intensity scale (MM, MMI, or MCS) measures the effects of an earthquake at a given location. This is in contrast with the seismic magnitude usually reported for an earthquake. Magnitude scales measure the inherent force or strength of an earthquake – an event occurring at greater or lesser depth. (The "M w" scale is ...

  5. Earthquake prediction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earthquake_prediction

    In southern California about 6% of M≥3.0 earthquakes are "followed by an earthquake of larger magnitude within 5 days and 10 km." [12] In central Italy 9.5% of M≥3.0 earthquakes are followed by a larger event within 48 hours and 30 km. [13] While such statistics are not satisfactory for purposes of prediction (giving ten to twenty false ...

  6. Richter scale - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richter_scale

    The Richter scale [1] (/ ˈ r ɪ k t ər /), also called the Richter magnitude scale, Richter's magnitude scale, and the Gutenberg–Richter scale, [2] is a measure of the strength of earthquakes, developed by Charles Richter in collaboration with Beno Gutenberg, and presented in Richter's landmark 1935 paper, where he called it the "magnitude scale". [3]

  7. 2024 Hualien earthquake - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_Hualien_earthquake

    On 3 April 2024, at 07:58:11 NST (23:58:11 UTC on 2 April), a M w 7.4 earthquake struck 15 km (9.3 mi) [5] south of Hualien City, Hualien County, Taiwan. At least 18 people were killed and over 1,100 were injured in the earthquake. It is the strongest earthquake in Taiwan since the 1999 Jiji earthquake, [6] with three aftershocks above M w 6.0.

  8. Earthquake swarm - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earthquake_swarm

    October 15, 2020, an earthquake swarm occurred on the island of Panay ranging from magnitudes 2.5-4.5. Most of these quakes felt in Iloilo City. [11] A previous swarm also hit Panay on November 5, 2018 (Including Antique, Iloilo and Guimaras) ranging from magnitudes 4.0-4.8. The first earthquake (magnitude 4.7) at 7:45 A.M, occurred at San Jose ...

  9. Natural disaster - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_disaster

    San Francisco was devastated by an earthquake in 1906 Global number of deaths from earthquake (1960–2017) An earthquake is the result of a sudden release of energy in the Earth's crust that creates seismic waves. At the Earth's surface, earthquakes manifest themselves by vibration, shaking, and sometimes displacement of the ground.