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The Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development (version 4 was released September 2019) is a standard series of measurements originally developed by psychologist Nancy Bayley used primarily to assess the development of infants and toddlers, ages 1–42 months. [1]
[17] Newborns typically lose 7–10% of their birth weight in the first few days, but they usually regain it within two weeks. [17] During the first month, infants grow about 1 to 1.5 inches (2.5 to 3.8 cm) and gain weight at a rate of about 1 ounce (28 g) per day. [17] Resting heart rate is generally between 70 and 190 beats per minute. [18]
Changing the stance of the baby (sitting or standing) was one manipulation they found could make the 10-month-old search correctly. Just standing instead of sitting for the "B"-trial made the prior experience of searching in location "A" less salient to the child, who then searched correctly.
The second stage, with up to three items, begins after eight months. [17] [19] The third stage appears at about 3.5 years of age with four items. [17] [20] The fourth stage starts in children when they are about five years old and can hold five or more items in the focal point. [17] [19]
A study of 18-month-olds whose mothers had depressive symptoms while the children were 6 weeks and/or 6 months old found that maternal depression had no effect on the child's cognitive development. Furthermore, the study indicates that maternal depression combined with a poor home environment is more likely to have an effect on cognitive ...
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It is widely recognized that communication is at the heart of cognitive, social, emotional, and behavioral development in children. Baby sign may assist in improving these significant developmental functions. [19] Baby signs create mutual attention between the parent and child leading to further elaboration of what the infant is communicating. [20]
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