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Some publishers justify part of the article processing charge by attributing it to the cost of producing print material when in reality they publish digital-only issues. [33] Under the traditional model, the prohibitive costs of some non-open access journal subscriptions already place a heavy burden on the research community. [34]
Institutional economics focuses on understanding the role of the evolutionary process and the role of institutions in shaping economic behavior.Its original focus lay in Thorstein Veblen's instinct-oriented dichotomy between technology on the one side and the "ceremonial" sphere of society on the other.
Theses low costs can be accounted by institutional support, limited expenses and reliance on volunteer work: 60% of the journals surveyed in the OA Diamond Study were at least partly run by volunteers. [63] The governance model has a direct impact on the economic model of diamond open access journals.
Also called resource cost advantage. The ability of a party (whether an individual, firm, or country) to produce a greater quantity of a good, product, or service than competitors using the same amount of resources. absorption The total demand for all final marketed goods and services by all economic agents resident in an economy, regardless of the origin of the goods and services themselves ...
In economics, a transaction cost is a cost incurred when making an economic trade when participating in a market. [ 1 ] The idea that transactions form the basis of economic thinking was introduced by the institutional economist John R. Commons in 1931.
Today, Google launched a new project -- Art, Copy & Code -- in an effort to work with "some of today's most iconic brands and innovative marketers". Through the series of projects and experiments ...
The coexistence of the differing economic models of open science remains an evolving process. Competing narratives of the future of open access involve all the potential axis of open science goods: they include the disruption of legacy scientific publisher by new competitors, the transformation of private scientific goods into public goods and the rehabilitation of community-led governance. [7]
Information economics or the economics of information is the branch of microeconomics that studies how information and information systems affect an economy and economic decisions. [ 1 ] One application considers information embodied in certain types of commodities that are "expensive to produce but cheap to reproduce."