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What are ways species exchange genes with each other? Hybridization and gene flow are shortcuts to biodiversity that don’t always involve differentiation.
Hybridization, as related to genomics, is the process in which two complementary single-stranded DNA and/or RNA molecules bond together to form a double-stranded molecule. The bonding is dependent on the appropriate base-pairing across the two single-stranded molecules.
Size and amount of DNA, RNA, and polypeptides can be determined using similar blotting methods. DNA is in blue, RNA in red, and polypeptides in green. A marker lane is shown in the left of each gel to determine size. A eukaryote cell is shown, but the same methods can be applied to prokaryotes, too.
One major challenge for researchers studying the genetic consequences of hybridization is reconciling how different genetic and evolutionary processes may interact in hybrids to shape variation in ancestry along the genome.
This Review discusses recent advances in our understanding of the evolutionary importance of ancient hybridization, adaptive introgression, and hybrid speciation brought about by whole genome...
We synthesize what is known about the mechanisms that drive changes in ancestry in the genome after hybridization, highlight major unresolved questions, and discuss their implications for the predictability of genome evolution after hybridization.
Hybrid, offspring of parents that differ in genetically determined traits. The parents may be of different species, genera, or (rarely) families. The term hybrid, therefore, has a wider application than the terms mongrel or crossbreed, which usually refer to animals or plants resulting from a cross.