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Because the treatment is simple, effective, and inexpensive, most of the developed world utilizes newborn screening with blood thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels to detect congenital hypothyroidism. Most children with congenital hypothyroidism correctly treated with thyroxine grow and develop normally in all respects.
Pediatric endocrinologists are usually the primary physicians involved in the medical care of infants and children with intersex disorders. The specialty also deals with hypoglycemia and other forms of hyperglycemia in childhood, variations of puberty, as well other adrenal, thyroid, and pituitary problems.
This disease is very rare as only less than 10% of children with hypothyroid myopathy develops this condition. [ citation needed ] Along with features of hypothyroidism (such as lethargy, slow heart rate, cold intolerance, dry skin, and hoarse voice) the main additional feature is muscle hypertrophy.
Levothyroxine is typically used to treat hypothyroidism, [12] and is the treatment of choice for people with hypothyroidism [13] who often require lifelong thyroid hormone therapy. [ 14 ] It may also be used to treat goiter via its ability to lower thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), which is considered goiter-inducing.
The WHO Model List of Essential Medicines for Children (aka Essential Medicines List for Children [1] or EMLc [1]), published by the World Health Organization (WHO), contains the medications considered to be most effective and safe in children up to twelve years of age to meet the most important needs in a health system.
Even after surgery on patients with low-risk papillary thyroid microcarcinoma by well-experienced thyroid surgeons, complications such as temporary vocal cord paralysis, permanent vocal cord paralysis, temporary hypoparathyroidism, permanent hypoparathyroidism developed with the incidence of 4.1%, 0.2%, 16.7% and 1.6%, respectively. [1]
Thyroid function tests (TFTs) is a collective term for blood tests used to check the function of the thyroid. [1] TFTs may be requested if a patient is thought to suffer from hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid) or hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid), or to monitor the effectiveness of either thyroid-suppression or hormone replacement therapy.
This can cause hypothyroidism by reducing the thyrotropic effects of TSH. They are found in Hashimoto's thyroiditis and Graves' disease and may be cause of fluctuation of thyroid function in the latter. During treatment of Graves' disease they may also become the predominant antibody, which can cause hypothyroidism. [2] [13]