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  2. Thylakoid - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thylakoid

    In higher plants thylakoids are organized into a granum-stroma membrane assembly. A granum (plural grana) is a stack of thylakoid discs. Chloroplasts can have from 10 to 100 grana. Grana are connected by stroma thylakoids, also called intergranal thylakoids or lamellae. Grana thylakoids and stroma thylakoids can be distinguished by their ...

  3. Chloroplast membrane - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloroplast_membrane

    Within the envelope membranes, in the region called the stroma, there is a system of interconnecting flattened membrane compartments, called the thylakoids.The thylakoid membrane is quite similar in lipid composition to the inner envelope membrane, containing 78% galactolipids, 15.5% phospholipids and 6.5% sulfolipids in spinach chloroplasts. [3]

  4. Chloroplast - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloroplast

    Chloroplasts, containing thylakoids, visible in the cells of Rosulabryum capillare, a type of moss. A chloroplast (/ ˈ k l ɔːr ə ˌ p l æ s t,-p l ɑː s t /) [1] [2] is a type of organelle known as a plastid that conducts photosynthesis mostly in plant and algal cells.

  5. Lamella (cell biology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lamella_(cell_biology)

    Chloroplasts are characterized by a system of membranes embedded in a hydrophobic proteinaceous matrix, or stroma. The basic unit of the membrane system is a flattened single vesicle called the thylakoid; thylakoids stack into grana. All the thylakoids of a granum are connected with each other, and the grana are connected by intergranal ...

  6. Outline of cell biology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outline_of_cell_biology

    Within the stroma are grana, stacks of thylakoids, the sub-organelles, the daughter cells, where photosynthesis is commenced before the chemical changes are completed in the stroma. Thylakoid membrane – It is the site of the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis with the photosynthetic pigments embedded directly in the membrane.

  7. Stroma (fluid) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stroma_(fluid)

    Stroma, in botany, refers to the colorless fluid surrounding the grana within the chloroplast. [ 1 ] Within the stroma are grana (stacks of thylakoid ), the sub-organelles where photosynthesis is started [ 2 ] before the chemical changes are completed in the stroma.

  8. Photosynthesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photosynthesis

    A typical plant cell contains about 10 to 100 chloroplasts. The chloroplast is enclosed by a membrane. This membrane is composed of a phospholipid inner membrane, a phospholipid outer membrane, and an intermembrane space. Enclosed by the membrane is an aqueous fluid called the stroma. Embedded within the stroma are stacks of thylakoids (grana ...

  9. Cell nucleus - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_nucleus

    The cell nucleus (from Latin nucleus or nuculeus 'kernel, seed'; pl.: nuclei) is a membrane-bound organelle found in eukaryotic cells. Eukaryotic cells usually have a single nucleus, but a few cell types, such as mammalian red blood cells , have no nuclei , and a few others including osteoclasts have many .