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Intestinal villi (sg.: villus) are small, finger-like projections that extend into the lumen of the small intestine. Each villus is approximately 0.5–1.6 mm in length (in humans), and has many microvilli projecting from the enterocytes of its epithelium which collectively form the striated or brush border .
In the large intestines, villi are absent and a flat surface with thousands of glands is observed. Underlying the epithelium is the lamina propria, which contains myofibroblasts, blood vessels, nerves, and several different immune cells, and the muscularis mucosa which is a layer of smooth muscle that aids in the action of continued peristalsis ...
Villus (Latin: "shaggy hair", pl.: villi) may refer to: Intestinal villus, refers to any one of the small, finger-shaped outgrowths of the epithelial lining of the wall of the intestine. Clusters of projections are referred as intestinal villi. Chorionic villi, found on the surface of the outermost membrane (the chorion) of the fetus
Chorionic villi are villi that sprout from the chorion to provide maximal contact area with maternal blood. They are an essential element in pregnancy from a histomorphologic perspective, and are, by definition, a product of conception. Branches of the umbilical arteries carry embryonic blood to the villi.
The glands and intestinal villi are covered by epithelium, which contains multiple types of cells: enterocytes (absorbing water and electrolytes), goblet cells (secreting mucus), enteroendocrine cells (secreting hormones), cup cells, myofibroblast, tuft cells, and at the base of the gland, Paneth cells (secreting anti-microbial peptides) and ...
Villitis of unknown etiology (VUE), also known as chronic villitis, is a placental injury.VUE is an inflammatory condition involving the chorionic villi (placental villi). ). VUE is a recurrent condition and can be associated with intrauterine growth restriction (I
Villi and intestinal glands serve to increase the mucosal surface area tenfold. (Intestinal villus) (Intestinal villus) Microvilli covering the apical surface of the enterocytes increase the absorptive surface twentyfold.
The villi of the jejunum look like long, finger-like projections, and are a histologically identifiable structure. While the length of the entire intestinal tract contains lymphoid tissue , only the ileum has abundant Peyer's patches , which are unencapsulated lymphoid nodules that contain large numbers of lymphocytes and immune cells, like ...