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The mixture used in vapor products such as e-cigarettes is called e-liquid. [33] E-liquid formulations vary widely. [27] [34] A typical e-liquid is composed of propylene glycol and glycerin (95%) and a combination of flavorings, nicotine, and other additives (5%). [35] [36] The flavorings may be natural, artificial, [34] or organic. [37]
The aerosol of e-cigarettes is generated when the e-liquid comes in contact with a coil heated to a temperature of roughly 100–250 °C (212–482 °F) within a chamber, which is thought to cause pyrolysis of the e-liquid and could also lead to decomposition of other liquid ingredients.
Manufacturers of e-liquid in the UK are required to inform the Government regarding the content in each liquid. [176] The EU Tobacco Products Directive requires e-liquids to be tested 6 months before they are sold. [177] The Tobacco Products Directive in the EU limits the sale of e-liquid. [178]
Another tactic used to imply the safety of these products is that the e-liquid containing nicotine is typically labeled as "e-juice" and promoted in candy and fruit flavors, such as cotton candy, gummy bear, chocolate mint, watermelon, and grape. [173] The fact that e-cigarettes contain nicotine is downplayed in e-cigarette advertising. [173]
In analyzing 51 different flavored e-cigarettes, author of the study Joseph Allen and his team found at least one of three top toxins — diacetyl, acetoin and 2,3-pentanedione — in 47 of the e ...
Fruit flavored e-liquid is the most commonly marketed e-liquid flavor on social media. [33] Flavored e-liquids form a major part of the appeal for using e-cigarettes, [34] especially for youth, for whom flavoring is cited as a major reason for using e-cigarettes. [35] [36] [37] Some e-liquid flavorings are toxic.
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The atomizer is a heating element that vaporizes a liquid solution called e-liquid [18] that cools into an aerosol of tiny droplets, vapor and air. [19] The vapor mainly comprises propylene glycol and/or glycerin, usually with nicotine and flavoring. Its exact composition varies, and depends on matters such as user behavior.