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  2. Seafloor spreading - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seafloor_spreading

    Seafloor spreading. Age of oceanic lithosphere; youngest (light colour) is along spreading centers. Seafloor spreading, or seafloor spread, is a process that occurs at mid-ocean ridges, where new oceanic crust is formed through volcanic activity and then gradually moves away from the ridge.

  3. Seabed - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seabed

    Marine sediment. v. t. e. The seabed (also known as the seafloor, sea floor, ocean floor, and ocean bottom) is the bottom of the ocean. All floors of the ocean are known as 'seabeds'. The structure of the seabed of the global ocean is governed by plate tectonics. Most of the ocean is very deep, where the seabed is known as the abyssal plain.

  4. Marine geology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marine_geology

    Marine geology or geological oceanography is the study of the history and structure of the ocean floor. It involves geophysical, geochemical, sedimentological and paleontological investigations of the ocean floor and coastal zone. Marine geology has strong ties to geophysics and to physical oceanography.

  5. Giant Sea Wall Jakarta - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giant_Sea_Wall_Jakarta

    Giant Sea Wall Jakarta. Giant Sea Wall Jakarta (Indonesian: Tanggul Laut Raksasa Jakarta) is part of a massive coastal development project in Jakarta, Indonesia which commenced in 2014 and expected to be materialized by 2027. [1][2] The coastal development project includes the construction of a giant seawall along the coast, building a water ...

  6. Mid-ocean ridge - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mid-ocean_ridge

    Mid-ocean ridge cross-section (cut-away view) A mid-ocean ridge (MOR) is a seafloor mountain system formed by plate tectonics. It typically has a depth of about 2,600 meters (8,500 ft) and rises about 2,000 meters (6,600 ft) above the deepest portion of an ocean basin. This feature is where seafloor spreading takes place along a divergent plate ...

  7. Bathymetry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bathymetry

    A seafloor map captured by NASA. Bathymetry (/ bəˈθɪmətri /; from Ancient Greek βαθύς (bathús) 'deep' and μέτρον (métron) 'measure') [ 1 ][ 2 ] is the study of underwater depth of ocean floors (seabed topography), lake floors, or river floors. In other words, bathymetry is the underwater equivalent to hypsometry or topography.

  8. Oceanic trench - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oceanic_trench

    Oceanic trenches are prominent, long, narrow topographic depressions of the ocean floor. They are typically 50 to 100 kilometers (30 to 60 mi) wide and 3 to 4 km (1.9 to 2.5 mi) below the level of the surrounding oceanic floor, but can be thousands of kilometers in length. There are about 50,000 km (31,000 mi) of oceanic trenches worldwide ...

  9. Seabed mining - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seabed_mining

    Seabed mining, also known as Seafloor mining [1] is the recovery of minerals from the seabed by techniques of underwater mining. The concept includes mining at shallow depths on the continental shelf and deep-sea mining at greater depths associated with tectonic activity, hydrothermal vents and the abyssal plains .