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Kidney tumors are growths on your kidney that may be cancerous. They have no known cause and don’t usually have symptoms. Treatment includes surgery or therapies.
A mass on the kidney may indicate cancer, but these tumors are often benign. Healthcare professionals use imaging tests to diagnose kidney masses and determine their stage.
Most growths that develop in the kidneys aren’t cancerous, and up to 20% of small kidney tumors are benign. Doctors typically detect them with scans and treat them with surgery.
There are 2 major types of small kidney tumors, benign and malignant. Malignant tumors are cancers and have the ability to spread to other parts of the body. Although most kidney tumors are malignant and therefore cancerous, up to 20% are benign.
The initial evaluation, differential diagnosis, diagnostic approach, and treatment of SRMs suspicious for malignancy will be reviewed here. The approach outlined in this topic is consistent with guidelines from the American Urological Association (AUA) [5,6].
Kidney cancer is a growth of cells that starts in the kidneys. The kidneys are two bean-shaped organs, each about the size of a fist. They're located behind the abdominal organs, with one kidney on each side of the spine. In adults, renal cell carcinoma is the most common type of kidney cancer.
A stage 1 kidney cancer is small and confined to the kidney. As the cancer gets larger, the stages get higher. A stage 4 kidney cancer has grown beyond the kidney or spread to other parts of the body.
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most common type of kidney cancer. RCC symptoms include blood in your urine or a mass in your abdomen. Often, RCC is asymptomatic.
Increasingly, we are detecting these "small" kidney tumors due to the increased use of ultrasound, CT scan, and MRI. Typically these are detected incidentally - in other words the patient has a scan for an unrelated problem and a tumor in the kidney is found.
Kidney tumors are increasingly detected with imaging at an earlier stage, when many tumors appear to be indolent. The new term “small renal mass” has become increasingly relevant for today's radiologic practice. Many small renal masses are benign.