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Contents. Human capital flight from Nigeria. Brain drain from Nigeria, nicknamed Japa[ 1 ] (meaning run or to flee in Yoruba) is the exodus of middle-class and highly skilled Nigerians which has been occurring in waves since the late 1980s to early 1990s. This trend was initially restricted to certain professions but has now become free for all ...
Reverse brain drain. Reverse brain drain is a form of brain drain where human capital moves in reverse from a more developed country to a less developed country that is developing rapidly. These migrants may accumulate savings, also known as remittances, and develop skills overseas that can be used in their home country.
Migration is often associated with better human capital at both individual and household level, and with better access to migration networks, facilitating a possible second move. [3] It has a high potential to improve human development, and some studies confirm that migration is the most direct route out of poverty. [ 4 ]
The term "circular migration" describes the fluid movement of people between areas, usually for the purpose of employment. [ 1 ] The term itself first came into use in the 1960s and 1970s, mostly related to urbanization, development, and internal migration. [ 2 ] There are six criteria that define migration as being circular: [ 3 ] Temporary.
History of human migration. Human migration is the movement by people from one place to another, particularly different countries, with the intention of settling temporarily or permanently in the new location. It typically involves movements over long distances and from one country or region to another. The number of people involved in every ...
Open border advocates argue that free migration would be the most effective way to reduce world poverty.A literature summary by economist Michael Clemens estimates that open borders would result in an increase of 67-147% in GWP (gross world product), with a median estimate of a doubling of world GDP. [11]
Lucas paradox. In economics, the Lucas paradox or the Lucas puzzle is the observation that capital does not flow from developed countries to developing countries despite the fact that developing countries have lower levels of capital per worker. [1]
Step migration is a popular phenomenon among the developing world as it is a strategy to overcome barriers to migration. [5] According to Paul, it is a necessary pattern as many of these migrants have low-capital and face high cost barriers and immigration policy restrictions which prevent them from migrating to their preferred destinations. [5]