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Perl is an open-source programming language whose first version, 1.0, was released in 1987. The following table contains the Perl 5 version history, showing its release versions. Not all versions are covered yet.
Yapsi was a Perl 6 compiler and runtime written in Perl 6. As a result, it required an existing Perl 6 interpreter, such as one of the Rakudo Star releases, to run. [29] Niecza, another major Perl 6 implementation effort, focused on optimization and efficient implementation research. It targets the Common Language Infrastructure. [30]
Perl 7 was to initially be based on Perl 5.32 with a release expected in first half of 2021, and release candidates sooner. [83] This plan was revised in May 2021, without any release timeframe or version of Perl 5 for use as a baseline specified. [84] When Perl 7 would be released, Perl 5 would have gone into long term maintenance.
Perl 5 has built-in, language-level support for associative arrays. Modern Perl refers to associative arrays as hashes; the term associative array is found in older documentation but is considered somewhat archaic. Perl 5 hashes are flat: keys are strings and values are scalars.
1975-2013, R 0 RS, R 1 RS, R 2 RS, R 3 RS, R 4 RS, R 5 RS, R 6 RS, R 7 RS Small Edition [42] [43] Seed7: Application, general, scripting, web Yes Yes No No Yes Yes Multi-paradigm, extensible, structured No Simula: Education, general Yes Yes No No No No discrete event simulation, multi-threaded (quasi-parallel) program execution Yes 1968 Small Basic
Learning Perl, also known as the llama book, [1] is a tutorial book for the Perl programming language, and is published by O'Reilly Media.The first edition (1993) was authored solely by Randal L. Schwartz, and covered Perl 4.
Free on-line books about Perl. Practical Perl Programming – book by A.D. Marshall, Cardiff University; Modern Perl – free on-line book by chromatic; Picking up Perl – free on-line book by Bradley M. Kuhn and Neil Smyth; Impatient Perl – for readers with previous programming experience. Learn Perl in about a week.
^d Although Perl doesn't have records, because Perl's type system allows different data types to be in an array, "hashes" (associative arrays) that don't have a variable index would effectively be the same as records. ^e Enumerations in this language are algebraic types with only nullary constructors