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The main tenses: . Min nan dexom. (Present) "I am eating the meal." Min nanim xward. (Past) "I ate the meal." Past Perfect Tense (Intransitive) For intransitive verbs with past stems ending in a consonant (like hatin > hat-), the past perfect tense, which is functionally equivalent to the English past perfect (‘I had come, you had gone’), is formed from the past stem + i + the past tense ...
This is the pronunciation key for IPA transcriptions of Kurdish on Wikipedia. It provides a set of symbols to represent the pronunciation of Kurdish in Wikipedia articles, and example words that illustrate the sounds that correspond to them.
/ʕ/ mostly occurs in words of Arabic origin, mostly in word-initial position. [23] /ʔ/ is mainly present in Arabic loanwords and it affects the pronunciation of adjacent vowels. The use of the glottal stop in everyday Kurdish may be seen as an effort to highlight its Arabic source. [24]
Central Kurdish, [a] also known as Sorani Kurdish, is a Kurdish dialect [6] [7] [8] or a language [9] [10] spoken in Iraq, mainly in Iraqi Kurdistan, as well as the provinces of Kurdistan, Kermanshah, and West Azerbaijan in western Iran.
Kurdish varieties constitute a dialect continuum, [13] with some mutually unintelligible varieties, [11] and collectively have 26 million native speakers. [14] The main varieties of Kurdish are Kurmanji, Sorani, and Southern Kurdish (Xwarîn). The majority of the Kurds speak Kurmanji, [15] and most Kurdish texts are written in Kurmanji and Sorani.
Venn diagram showing Kurdish, Persian and Arabic letters. Many Kurdish varieties, mainly Sorani, are written using a modified Perso-Arabic script with 33 letters introduced by Sa'id Kaban Sedqi. Unlike the Persian alphabet, which is an abjad, Central Kurdish is almost a true alphabet in which vowels are given the same treatment as consonants ...
This system is particularly useful for linguistic and educational purposes, providing clear guidelines on how to pronounce Kurdish words accurately. [ 10 ] [ 3 ] The following table illustrates the transcription of selected Kurdish sounds into Latin script according to the Kurdish Romanization system, showing the corresponding Arabic script ...
Among all modern Iranian languages, only Yaghnobi and Kurdish are ergative, with respect to both case-marking and verb-agreement. [1] There are general descriptions of ergativity in Kurdish, [2] [3] as well as in specific forms of Kurdish, such as Sorani [4] and Kurmanji. [5] Kurmanji and Sorani Kurdish have a split-ergative system. Transitive ...